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# Vim Cheatsheet |
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>Disclaimer: This cheatsheet is summarized from personal experience and other online tutorials. It should not be considered as an official advice. |
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## Global |
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```bash |
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:help keyword # open help for keyword |
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:o file # open file |
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:saveas file # save file as |
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:close # close current pane |
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``` |
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## Cursor movement |
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```bash |
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h # move cursor left |
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j # move cursor down |
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k # move cursor up |
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l # move cursor right |
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H # move to top of screen |
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M # move to middle of screen |
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L # move to bottom of screen |
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w # jump forwards to the start of a word |
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W # jump forwards to the start of a word (words can contain punctuation) |
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e # jump forwards to the end of a word |
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E # jump forwards to the end of a word (words can contain punctuation) |
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b # jump backwards to the start of a word |
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B # jump backwards to the start of a word (words can contain punctuation) |
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0 # jump to the start of the line |
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^ # jump to the first non-blank character of the line |
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$ # jump to the end of the line |
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g_ # jump to the last non-blank character of the line |
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gg # go to the first line of the document |
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G # go to the last line of the document |
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5G # go to line 5 |
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fx # jump to next occurrence of character x |
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tx # jump to before next occurrence of character x |
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} # jump to next paragraph (or function/block, when editing code) |
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{ # jump to previous paragraph (or function/block, when editing code) |
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zz # center cursor on screen |
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Ctrl + b # move back one full screen |
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Ctrl + f # move forward one full screen |
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Ctrl + d # move forward 1/2 a screen |
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Ctrl + u # move back 1/2 a screen |
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``` |
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## Insert mode - inserting/appending text |
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```bash |
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i # insert before the cursor |
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I # insert at the beginning of the line |
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a # insert (append) after the cursor |
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A # insert (append) at the end of the line |
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o # append (open) a new line below the current line |
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O # append (open) a new line above the current line |
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ea # insert (append) at the end of the word |
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Esc # exit insert mode |
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``` |
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## Editing |
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```bash |
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r # replace a single character |
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J # join line below to the current one |
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cc # change (replace) entire line |
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cw # change (replace) to the start of the next word |
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ce # change (replace) to the end of the next word |
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cb # change (replace) to the start of the previous word |
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c0 # change (replace) to the start of the line |
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c$ # change (replace) to the end of the line |
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s # delete character and substitute text |
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S # delete line and substitute text (same as cc) |
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xp # transpose two letters (delete and paste) |
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. # repeat last command |
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u # undo |
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Ctrl + r # redo |
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``` |
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## Marking text (visual mode) |
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```bash |
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v # start visual mode, mark lines, then do a command (like y-yank) |
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V # start linewise visual mode |
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o # move to other end of marked area |
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O # move to other corner of block |
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aw # mark a word |
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ab # a block with () |
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aB # a block with {} |
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ib # inner block with () |
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iB # inner block with {} |
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Esc # exit visual mode |
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Ctrl + v # start visual block mode |
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``` |
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## Visual commands |
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```bash |
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> # shift text right |
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< # shift text left |
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y # yank (copy) marked text |
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d # delete marked text |
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~ # switch case |
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``` |
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## Cut and paste |
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```bash |
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yy # yank (copy) a line |
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2yy # yank (copy) 2 lines |
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yw # yank (copy) the characters of the word from the cursor position to the start of the next word |
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y$ # yank (copy) to end of line |
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p # put (paste) the clipboard after cursor |
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P # put (paste) before cursor |
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dd # delete (cut) a line |
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2dd # delete (cut) 2 lines |
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dw # delete (cut) the characters of the word from the cursor position to the start of the next word |
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D # delete (cut) to the end of the line |
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d$ # delete (cut) to the end of the line |
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d^ # delete (cut) to the first non-blank character of the line |
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d0 # delete (cut) to the begining of the line |
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x # delete (cut) character |
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``` |
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## Search and replace |
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```bash |
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/pattern # search for pattern |
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?pattern # search backward for pattern |
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\vpattern # 'very magic' pattern: non-alphanumeric characters are interpreted as special regex symbols (no escaping needed) |
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n # repeat search in same direction |
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N # repeat search in opposite direction |
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:%s/old/new/g # replace all old with new throughout file |
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:%s/old/new/gc # replace all old with new throughout file with confirmations |
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:noh # remove highlighting of search matches |
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``` |
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## Search in multiple files |
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```bash |
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:vimgrep /pattern/ {file} # search for pattern in multiple files |
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:cn # jump to the next match |
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:cp # jump to the previous match |
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:copen # open a window containing the list of matches |
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``` |
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## Exiting |
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```bash |
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:w # write (save) the file, but don't exit |
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:w !sudo tee % # write out the current file using sudo |
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:wq or :x or ZZ # write (save) and quit |
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:q # quit (fails if there are unsaved changes) |
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:q! or ZQ # quit and throw away unsaved changes |
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``` |
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## Working with multiple files |
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```bash |
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:e file # edit a file in a new buffer |
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:bnext or :bn # go to the next buffer |
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:bprev or :bp # go to the previous buffer |
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:bd # delete a buffer (close a file) |
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:ls # list all open buffers |
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:sp file # open a file in a new buffer and split window |
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:vsp file # open a file in a new buffer and vertically split window |
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Ctrl + ws # split window |
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Ctrl + ww # switch windows |
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Ctrl + wq # quit a window |
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Ctrl + wv # split window vertically |
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Ctrl + wh # move cursor to the left window (vertical split) |
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Ctrl + wl # move cursor to the right window (vertical split) |
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Ctrl + wj # move cursor to the window below (horizontal split) |
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Ctrl + wk # move cursor to the window above (horizontal split) |
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``` |
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## Tabs |
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```bash |
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:tabnew or :tabnew file # open a file in a new tab |
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Ctrl + wT # move the current split window into its own tab |
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gt or :tabnext or :tabn # move to the next tab |
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gT or :tabprev or :tabp # move to the previous tab |
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<number>gt # move to tab <number> |
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:tabmove <number> # move current tab to the <number>th position (indexed from 0) |
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:tabclose or :tabc # close the current tab and all its windows |
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:tabonly or :tabo # close all tabs except for the current one |
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:tabdo command # run the command on all tabs (e.g. :tabdo q - closes all opened tabs) |
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``` |
thanakijwanavit revised this gist
alsibir revised this gist