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| 1) Reference | |
| Many will know this already, but I need to make sure you know it because it’s so fundamental. | |
| A ‘reference’ is a string that points to a commit. | |
| There are four main types of reference: HEAD, Tag, Branch, and Remote Reference. | |
| HEAD | |
| HEAD is a special reference that always points to where the git repository is. | |
| If you checked out a branch, it’s pointed to the last commit in that branch. |

