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Man lftp - part 1
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| lftp(1) General Commands Manual lftp(1) | |
| NAME | |
| lftp - Sophisticated file transfer program | |
| SYNTAX | |
| lftp [-d] [-e cmd] [-p port] [-u user[,pass]] [site] | |
| lftp -f script_file | |
| lftp -c commands | |
| lftp --version | |
| lftp --help | |
| VERSION | |
| This man page documents lftp version 4.8.1. | |
| DESCRIPTION | |
| lftp is a file transfer program that allows sophisticated FTP, HTTP and | |
| other connections to other hosts. If site is specified then lftp will | |
| connect to that site otherwise a connection has to be established with | |
| the open command. | |
| lftp can handle several file access methods - FTP, FTPS, HTTP, HTTPS, | |
| HFTP, FISH, SFTP and file (HTTPS and FTPS are only available when lftp is | |
| compiled with GNU TLS or OpenSSL library). You can specify the method to | |
| use in `open URL' command, e.g. `open http://www.us.ker‐ | |
| nel.org/pub/linux'. HFTP is ftp-over-http-proxy protocol. It can be used | |
| automatically instead of FTP if ftp:proxy is set to | |
| `http://proxy[:port]'. Fish is a protocol working over an ssh connection | |
| to a unix account. SFtp is a protocol implemented in SSH2 as SFTP subsys‐ | |
| tem. | |
| Besides FTP-like protocols, lftp has support for BitTorrent protocol as | |
| `torrent' command. Seeding is also supported. | |
| Every operation in lftp is reliable, that is any non-fatal error is han‐ | |
| dled properly and the operation is repeated. So if downloading breaks, it | |
| will be restarted from the point automatically. Even if FTP server does | |
| not support the REST command, lftp will try to retrieve the file from the | |
| very beginning until the file is transferred completely. | |
| lftp has shell-like command syntax allowing you to launch several com‐ | |
| mands in parallel in background (&). It is also possible to group com‐ | |
| mands within () and execute them in background. All background jobs are | |
| executed in the same single process. You can bring a foreground job to | |
| background with ^Z (c-z) and back with command `wait' (or `fg' which is | |
| alias to `wait'). To list running jobs, use command `jobs'. Some commands | |
| allow redirecting their output (cat, ls, ...) to file or via pipe to ex‐ | |
| ternal command. Commands can be executed conditionally based on termina‐ | |
| tion status of previous command (&&, ||). | |
| If you exit lftp before all jobs are not finished yet, lftp will move it‐ | |
| self to nohup mode in background. The same thing happens with a real mo‐ | |
| dem hangup or when you close an xterm. | |
| lftp has built-in mirror which can download or update a whole directory | |
| tree. There is also reverse mirror (mirror -R) which uploads or updates a | |
| directory tree on server. Mirror can also synchronize directories between | |
| two remote servers, using FXP if available. | |
| There is command `at' to launch a job at specified time in current con‐ | |
| text, command `queue' to queue commands for sequential execution for cur‐ | |
| rent server, and much more. | |
| On startup, lftp executes /etc/lftp.conf and then ~/.lftprc and | |
| ~/.lftp/rc (or ~/.config/lftp/rc if ~/.lftp does not exist). You can | |
| place aliases and `set' commands there. Some people prefer to see full | |
| protocol debug, use `debug' to turn the debug on. Use `debug 3' to see | |
| only greeting messages and error messages. | |
| lftp has a number of settable variables. You can use `set -a' to see all | |
| variables and their values or `set -d' to see list of defaults. Variable | |
| names can be abbreviated and prefix can be omitted unless the rest be‐ | |
| comes ambiguous. | |
| If lftp was compiled with OpenSSL (configure --with-openssl) it includes | |
| software developed by the OpenSSL Project for use in the OpenSSL Toolkit. | |
| (http://www.openssl.org/) | |
| Commands | |
| ! shell command | |
| Launch shell or shell command. | |
| !ls | |
| To do a directory listing of the local host. | |
| alias [name [value]] | |
| Define or undefine alias name. If value is omitted, the alias is unde‐ | |
| fined, else it takes the value value. If no argument is given the current | |
| aliases are listed. | |
| alias dir ls -lF | |
| alias less zmore | |
| at time [ -- command ] | |
| Wait until the given time and execute given (optional) command. See also | |
| at(1). | |
| attach [PID] | |
| Attach the terminal to specified backgrounded lftp process. | |
| bookmark [subcommand] | |
| The bookmark command controls bookmarks. | |
| Site names can be used in the open command directly as-is or in any com‐ | |
| mand that accepts input URLs using the bm:site/path format. | |
| add <name> [<loc>] add current place or given location to book‐ | |
| marks and bind to given name | |
| del <name> remove bookmark with name | |
| edit start editor on bookmarks file | |
| import <type> import foreign bookmarks | |
| list list bookmarks (default) | |
| cache [subcommand] | |
| The cache command controls local memory cache. The following subcommands | |
| are recognized: | |
| stat print cache status (default) | |
| on|off turn on/off caching | |
| flush flush cache | |
| size lim set memory limit, -1 means unlimited | |
| expire Nx set cache expiration time to N seconds (x=s) minutes (x=m) | |
| hours (x=h) or days (x=d) | |
| cat files | |
| cat outputs the remote file(s) to stdout. (See also more, zcat and | |
| zmore) | |
| cd rdir | |
| Change current remote directory. The previous remote directory is stored | |
| as `-'. You can do `cd -' to change the directory back. The previous di‐ | |
| rectory for each site is also stored on disk, so you can do `open site; | |
| cd -' even after lftp restart. | |
| chmod [OPTS] mode files... | |
| Change permission mask on remote files. The mode can be an octal number | |
| or a symbolic mode (see chmod(1)). | |
| -c, --changes like verbose but report only when a change is made | |
| -f, --quiet suppress most error messages | |
| -v, --verbose output a diagnostic for every file processed | |
| -R, --recursive change files and directories recursively | |
| close [-a] | |
| Close idle connections. By default only with the current server, use -a | |
| to close all idle connections. | |
| cls [OPTS] files... | |
| `cls' tries to retrieve information about specified files or directories | |
| and outputs the information according to format options. The difference | |
| between `ls' and `cls' is that `ls' requests the server to format file | |
| listing, and `cls' formats it itself, after retrieving all the needed in‐ | |
| formation. | |
| -1 single-column output | |
| -a, --all show dot files | |
| -B, --basename show basename of files only | |
| --block-size=SIZ use SIZ-byte blocks | |
| -d, --directory list directory entries instead of con‐ | |
| tents | |
| -F, --classify append indicator (one of /@) to entries | |
| -h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format | |
| (e.g., 1K) | |
| --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not | |
| 1024 | |
| -k, --kilobytes like --block-size=1024 | |
| -l, --long use a long listing format | |
| -q, --quiet don't show status | |
| -s, --size print size of each file | |
| --filesize if printing size, only print size for | |
| files | |
| -i, --nocase case-insensitive pattern matching | |
| -I, --sortnocase sort names case-insensitively | |
| -D, --dirsfirst list directories first | |
| --sort=OPT "name", "size", "date" | |
| -S sort by file size | |
| --user, --group, | |
| --perms, --date, | |
| --linkcount, --links show individual fields | |
| --time-style=STYLE use specified time format | |
| command cmd args... | |
| execute given command ignoring aliases. | |
| debug [OPTS] level|off | |
| Switch debugging to level or turn it off. Options: | |
| -T truncate output file | |
| -o <file> redirect debug output to the file | |
| -c show message context | |
| -p show PID | |
| -t show timestamps | |
| du [OPTS] path... | |
| Summarize disk usage. Options: | |
| -a, --all write counts for all files, not just direc‐ | |
| tories | |
| --block-size=SIZ use SIZ-byte blocks | |
| -b, --bytes print size in bytes | |
| -c, --total produce a grand total | |
| -d, --max-depth=N print the total for a directory (or file, | |
| with --all) only if it is N or fewer levels | |
| below the command line argument; | |
| --max-depth=0 is the same as --summarize | |
| -F, --files print number of files instead of sizes | |
| -h, --human-readable print sizes in human readable format (e.g., | |
| 1K 234M 2G) | |
| -H, --si likewise, but use powers of 1000 not 1024 | |
| -k, --kilobytes like --block-size=1024 | |
| -m, --megabytes like --block-size=1048576 | |
| -S, --separate-dirs do not include size of subdirectories | |
| -s, --summarize display only a total for each argument | |
| --exclude=PAT exclude files that match PAT | |
| echo [-n] string | |
| Prints (echos) the given string to the display. | |
| edit [OPTS] file | |
| Retrieve remote file to a temporary location, run a local editor on it | |
| and upload the file back if changed. Options: | |
| -k keep the temporary file | |
| -o <temp> explicit temporary file location | |
| eval [-f format ] args... | |
| without -f it executes given arguments as a command. With -f, arguments | |
| are transformed into a new command. The format can contain plain text and | |
| placeholders $0...$9 and $@, corresponding to the arguments. | |
| exit [bg] [top] [parent] [kill] [code] | |
| exit will exit from lftp or move to background if there are active jobs. | |
| If no job is active, code is passed to operating system as lftp's termi‐ | |
| nation status. If code is omitted, the exit code of last command is used. | |
| `exit bg' forces moving to background when cmd:move-background is false. | |
| `exit top' makes top level `shell' (internal lftp command executor) ter‐ | |
| minate. `exit parent' terminates the parent shell when running a nested | |
| script. `exit kill' kills all numbered jobs before exiting. The options | |
| can be combined, e.g. `at 08:00 -- exit top kill &' kills all jobs and | |
| makes lftp exit at specified time. | |
| fg | |
| Alias for `wait'. | |
| find [OPTS] directory... | |
| List files in the directory (current directory by default) recursively. | |
| This can help with servers lacking ls -R support. You can redirect output | |
| of this command. Options: | |
| -d MD, --max-depth=MD specify maximum scan depth | |
| -l, --ls use long listing format | |
| ftpcopy | |
| Obsolete. Use one of the following instead: | |
| get ftp://... -o ftp://... | |
| get -O ftp://... file1 file2... | |
| put ftp://... | |
| mput ftp://.../* | |
| mget -O ftp://... ftp://.../* | |
| or other combinations to get FXP transfer (directly between two FTP | |
| servers). lftp would fallback to plain copy (via client) if FXP transfer | |
| cannot be initiated or ftp:use-fxp is false. | |
| get [-E] [-a] [-c] [-e] [-P N] [-O base] rfile [-o lfile] ... | |
| Retrieve the remote file rfile and store it as the local file lfile. If | |
| -o is omitted, the file is stored to local file named as base name of | |
| rfile. You can get multiple files by specifying multiple instances of | |
| rfile (and -o lfile). Does not expand wildcards, use mget for that. | |
| -c continue, reget | |
| -E delete source files after successful transfer | |
| -e delete target file before the transfer | |
| -a use ascii mode (binary is the default) | |
| -P N download N files in parallel | |
| -O <base> specifies base directory or URL where files should be | |
| placed | |
| Examples: | |
| get README | |
| get README -o debian.README | |
| get README README.mirrors | |
| get README -o debian.README README.mirrors -o debian.mirrors | |
| get README -o ftp://some.host.org/debian.README | |
| get README -o ftp://some.host.org/debian-dir/ (end slash is important) | |
| get1 [OPTS] rfile | |
| Transfer a single file. Options: | |
| -o <lfile> destination file name (default - base‐ | |
| name of rfile) | |
| -c continue, reget | |
| -E delete source files after successful | |
| transfer | |
| -a use ascii mode (binary is the default) | |
| -d create the directory of the target file | |
| --source-region=<from-to> transfer specified region of source | |
| file | |
| --target-position=<pos> position in target file to write data | |
| at | |
| glob [OPTS] [command] patterns | |
| Glob given patterns containing metacharacters and pass result to given | |
| command or return appropriate exit code. | |
| -f plain files (default) | |
| -d directories | |
| -a all types | |
| --exist return zero exit code when the patterns expand to non-empty list | |
| --not-exist return zero exit code when the patterns expand to an empty list | |
| Examples: | |
| glob echo * | |
| glob --exist *.csv && echo "There are *.csv files" | |
| help [cmd] | |
| Print help for cmd or if no cmd was specified print a list of available | |
| commands. | |
| history [OPTS] [cnt] | |
| View or manipulate the command history. Optional argument cnt specifies | |
| the number of history lines to list, or "all" to list all entries. Op‐ | |
| tions: | |
| -w <file> Write history to file. | |
| -r <file> Read history from file; appends to current history. | |
| -c Clear the history. | |
| -l List the history (default). | |
| jobs [OPTS] [job_no...] | |
| List running jobs. If job_no is specified, only list a job with that num‐ | |
| ber. Options: | |
| -v verbose, several -v increase verbosity | |
| -r list just one specified job without recursion | |
| kill all|job_no | |
| Delete specified job with job_no or all jobs. (For job_no see jobs) | |
| lcd ldir | |
| Change current local directory ldir. The previous local directory is | |
| stored as `-'. You can do `lcd -' to change the directory back. | |
| ln [-s] existing-file new-link | |
| Make a hard/symbolic link to an existing file. Option -s selects cre‐ | |
| ation of a symbolic link. | |
| local command | |
| Run specified command with local directory file:// session instead of re‐ | |
| mote session. Examples: | |
| local pwd | |
| local ls | |
| local mirror /dir1 /dir2 | |
| lpwd | |
| Print current working directory on local machine. | |
| ls params | |
| List remote files. You can redirect output of this command to file or via | |
| pipe to external command. By default, ls output is cached, to see new | |
| listing use rels or cache flush. |
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