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Learn more about bidirectional Unicode charactersOriginal file line number Diff line number Diff line change @@ -0,0 +1,492 @@ Merge two sorted one-dimensional arrays into a single sorted array. ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; vector<int> mergeSortedArrays(const vector<int>& arr1, const vector<int>& arr2) { vector<int> result; int i = 0, j = 0; while (i < arr1.size() && j < arr2.size()) { if (arr1[i] < arr2[j]) result.push_back(arr1[i++]); else result.push_back(arr2[j++]); } while (i < arr1.size()) result.push_back(arr1[i++]); while (j < arr2.size()) result.push_back(arr2[j++]); return result; } int main() { vector<int> arr1 = {1, 3, 5}; vector<int> arr2 = {2, 4, 6}; vector<int> merged = mergeSortedArrays(arr1, arr2); for (int num : merged) cout << num << " "; } ``` Insert an element at a specific position in a two-dimensional array and shift the subsequent elements. ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <vector> using namespace std; void insertElement(vector<vector<int>>& arr, int row, int col, int value) { arr[row].insert(arr[row].begin() + col, value); for (int i = row; i < arr.size(); i++) { for (int j = (i == row ? col + 1 : 0); j < arr[i].size(); j++) { int temp = arr[i][j]; arr[i][j] = value; value = temp; } } } int main() { vector<vector<int>> arr = {{1, 2, 3}, {4, 5, 6}, {7, 8, 9}}; insertElement(arr, 1, 1, 10); for (auto& row : arr) { for (int val : row) cout << val << " "; cout << endl; } return 0; } ``` Delete an element from a one-dimensional array and shift the remaining elements to fill the gap. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; void deleteElement(int arr[], int& size, int index) { for (int i = index; i < size - 1; i++) arr[i] = arr[i + 1]; size--; } int main() { int arr[] = {1, 2, 3, 4, 5}; int size = 5; deleteElement(arr, size, 2); for (int i = 0; i < size; i++) cout << arr[i] << " "; return 0; } ``` Create a class Circle with a private data member radius and a public method to calculate the area using getArea() in C++. ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <cmath> using namespace std; class Circle { private: double radius; public: Circle(double r) : radius(r) {} double getArea() { return M_PI * radius * radius; } }; int main() { Circle c(5.0); cout << "Area: " << c.getArea() << endl; return 0; } ``` Define a class Student with public attributes name and age, and a method display() that prints these details. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Student { public: string name; int age; void display() { cout << "Name: " << name << ", Age: " << age << endl; } }; int main() { Student s; s.name = "John"; s.age = 20; s.display(); return 0; } ``` Implement a class Rectangle in C++ that includes private members length and width, and a method getPerimeter() that returns the perimeter. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Rectangle { private: double length, width; public: Rectangle(double l, double w) : length(l), width(w) {} double getPerimeter() { return 2 * (length + width); } }; int main() { Rectangle rect(5.0, 3.0); cout << "Perimeter: " << rect.getPerimeter() << endl; return 0; } ``` Write a class BankAccount with private data members accountNumber and balance, and a public method deposit(double amount) that updates the balance. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; class BankAccount { private: int accountNumber; double balance; public: BankAccount(int accNum, double bal) : accountNumber(accNum), balance(bal) {} void deposit(double amount) { balance += amount; } double getBalance() { return balance; } }; int main() { BankAccount account(12345, 1000.0); account.deposit(500.0); cout << "Balance: " << account.getBalance() << endl; return 0; } ``` Design a class Book with a constructor that initializes title and author, and a public method printDetails() to display the book information. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Book { string title, author; public: Book(string t, string a) : title(t), author(a) {} void printDetails() { cout << "Title: " << title << ", Author: " << author << endl; } }; int main() { Book book("1984", "George Orwell"); book.printDetails(); return 0; } ``` Implement a stack using a linear array in C++ with methods for push, pop, and top operations. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Stack { private: int* arr; int topIndex; int capacity; public: Stack(int size) : capacity(size), topIndex(-1) { arr = new int[capacity]; } ~Stack() { delete[] arr; } void push(int value) { if (topIndex < capacity - 1) { arr[++topIndex] = value; } } void pop() { if (topIndex >= 0) { --topIndex; } } int top() { if (topIndex >= 0) { return arr[topIndex]; } return -1; // Return -1 if stack is empty } }; ``` Create a stack using a circular array in C++ and handle overflow and underflow conditions. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; class CircularStack { private: int* arr; int top; int capacity; int size; public: CircularStack(int cap) : capacity(cap), size(0), top(-1) { arr = new int[capacity]; } ~CircularStack() { delete[] arr; } bool isFull() { return size == capacity; } bool isEmpty() { return size == 0; } void push(int value) { if (isFull()) { cout << "Overflow\n"; return; } top = (top + 1) % capacity; arr[top] = value; size++; } int pop() { if (isEmpty()) { cout << "Underflow\n"; return -1; } int value = arr[top]; top = (top - 1 + capacity) % capacity; size--; return value; } int peek() { if (isEmpty()) { cout << "Stack is empty\n"; return -1; } return arr[top]; } }; ``` Design a stack using a singly linked list in C++ with push and pop operations, ensuring you handle memory management correctly. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; class Node { public: int data; Node* next; Node(int val) : data(val), next(nullptr) {} }; class Stack { Node* top; public: Stack() : top(nullptr) {} void push(int val) { Node* newNode = new Node(val); newNode->next = top; top = newNode; } void pop() { if (top) { Node* temp = top; top = top->next; delete temp; } } bool isEmpty() { return top == nullptr; } int peek() { if (top) return top->data; throw out_of_range("Stack is empty"); } ~Stack() { while (top) { pop(); } } }; ``` Write a C++ program to create a text file and write user input to it. ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <fstream> using namespace std; int main() { ofstream file("output.txt"); if (file.is_open()) { string input; cout << "Enter text: "; getline(cin, input); file << input; file.close(); } return 0; } ``` Implement a C++ function to read the content of a binary file and display it as a string. ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <string> using namespace std; string readBinaryFile(const string& filename) { ifstream file(filename, ios::binary | ios::ate); if (!file) return ""; streamsize size = file.tellg(); file.seekg(0, ios::beg); string buffer(size, '\0'); file.read(&buffer[0], size); return buffer; } ``` Write a C++ code snippet to append text to an existing file, ensuring the content is added to the end. ```cpp #include <fstream> using namespace std; int main() { ofstream file("example.txt", ios::app); file << "New text to append.\n"; file.close(); return 0; } ``` Create a C++ program that reads a binary file and counts the number of bytes. ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <fstream> using namespace std; int main() { ifstream file("example.bin", ios::binary | ios::ate); if (file.is_open()) { streampos size = file.tellg(); cout << "Number of bytes: " << size << endl; file.close(); } return 0; } ``` Develop a C++ function to update specific lines in a text file based on user input. ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <fstream> #include <sstream> #include <vector> #include <string> using namespace std; void updateLineInFile(const string& filename, int lineNumber, const string& newContent) { ifstream fileIn(filename); if (!fileIn) return; vector<string> lines; string line; while (getline(fileIn, line)) lines.push_back(line); fileIn.close(); if (lineNumber < 1 || lineNumber > lines.size()) return; lines[lineNumber - 1] = newContent; ofstream fileOut(filename); for (const auto& l : lines) fileOut << l << endl; } ``` Write a program to find the sum of all even numbers from 1 to 100. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int sum = 0; for (int i = 2; i <= 100; i += 2) { sum += i; } cout << sum; return 0; } ``` Create a script that calculates the factorial of a number provided by the user. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; int factorial(int n) { if (n <= 1) return 1; return n * factorial(n - 1); } int main() { int num; cout << "Enter a number: "; cin >> num; cout << "Factorial of " << num << " is " << factorial(num) << endl; return 0; } ``` Write a code snippet to find the largest element in an array. ```cpp #include <iostream> using namespace std; int main() { int arr[] = {5, 7, 2, 9, 3}; int max = arr[0]; for(int i = 1; i < sizeof(arr)/sizeof(arr[0]); i++) { if(arr[i] > max) max = arr[i]; } cout << "Largest element: " << max << endl; return 0; } ``` Develop a program to count the number of vowels in a given text. ```cpp #include <iostream> #include <string> using namespace std; int main() { string text; getline(cin, text); int count = 0; for (char c : text) { c = tolower(c); if (c == 'a' || c == 'e' || c == 'i' || c == 'o' || c == 'u') count++; } cout << count; return 0; } ```