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This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode charactersOriginal file line number Diff line number Diff line change @@ -1,5 +1,3 @@ 8.2.3. HTTP log format ---------------------- This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode charactersOriginal file line number Diff line number Diff line change @@ -0,0 +1,119 @@ 8.4. Timing events ------------------ Timers provide a great help in troubleshooting network problems. All values are reported in milliseconds (ms). These timers should be used in conjunction with the session termination flags. In TCP mode with "option tcplog" set on the frontend, 3 control points are reported under the form "Tw/Tc/Tt", and in HTTP mode, 5 control points are reported under the form "Tq/Tw/Tc/Tr/Tt" : - Tq: total time to get the client request (HTTP mode only). It's the time elapsed between the moment the client connection was accepted and the moment the proxy received the last HTTP header. The value "-1" indicates that the end of headers (empty line) has never been seen. This happens when the client closes prematurely or times out. - Tw: total time spent in the queues waiting for a connection slot. It accounts for backend queue as well as the server queues, and depends on the queue size, and the time needed for the server to complete previous requests. The value "-1" means that the request was killed before reaching the queue, which is generally what happens with invalid or denied requests. - Tc: total time to establish the TCP connection to the server. It's the time elapsed between the moment the proxy sent the connection request, and the moment it was acknowledged by the server, or between the TCP SYN packet and the matching SYN/ACK packet in return. The value "-1" means that the connection never established. - Tr: server response time (HTTP mode only). It's the time elapsed between the moment the TCP connection was established to the server and the moment the server sent its complete response headers. It purely shows its request processing time, without the network overhead due to the data transmission. It is worth noting that when the client has data to send to the server, for instance during a POST request, the time already runs, and this can distort apparent response time. For this reason, it's generally wise not to trust too much this field for POST requests initiated from clients behind an untrusted network. A value of "-1" here means that the last the response header (empty line) was never seen, most likely because the server timeout stroke before the server managed to process the request. - Tt: total session duration time, between the moment the proxy accepted it and the moment both ends were closed. The exception is when the "logasap" option is specified. In this case, it only equals (Tq+Tw+Tc+Tr), and is prefixed with a '+' sign. From this field, we can deduce "Td", the data transmission time, by substracting other timers when valid : Td = Tt - (Tq + Tw + Tc + Tr) Timers with "-1" values have to be excluded from this equation. In TCP mode, "Tq" and "Tr" have to be excluded too. Note that "Tt" can never be negative. These timers provide precious indications on trouble causes. Since the TCP protocol defines retransmit delays of 3, 6, 12... seconds, we know for sure that timers close to multiples of 3s are nearly always related to lost packets due to network problems (wires, negotiation, congestion). Moreover, if "Tt" is close to a timeout value specified in the configuration, it often means that a session has been aborted on timeout. Most common cases : - If "Tq" is close to 3000, a packet has probably been lost between the client and the proxy. This is very rare on local networks but might happen when clients are on far remote networks and send large requests. It may happen that values larger than usual appear here without any network cause. Sometimes, during an attack or just after a resource starvation has ended, haproxy may accept thousands of connections in a few milliseconds. The time spent accepting these connections will inevitably slightly delay processing of other connections, and it can happen that request times in the order of a few tens of milliseconds are measured after a few thousands of new connections have been accepted at once. Setting "option http-server-close" may display larger request times since "Tq" also measures the time spent waiting for additional requests. - If "Tc" is close to 3000, a packet has probably been lost between the server and the proxy during the server connection phase. This value should always be very low, such as 1 ms on local networks and less than a few tens of ms on remote networks. - If "Tr" is nearly always lower than 3000 except some rare values which seem to be the average majored by 3000, there are probably some packets lost between the proxy and the server. - If "Tt" is large even for small byte counts, it generally is because neither the client nor the server decides to close the connection, for instance because both have agreed on a keep-alive connection mode. In order to solve this issue, it will be needed to specify "option httpclose" on either the frontend or the backend. If the problem persists, it means that the server ignores the "close" connection mode and expects the client to close. Then it will be required to use "option forceclose". Having the smallest possible 'Tt' is important when connection regulation is used with the "maxconn" option on the servers, since no new connection will be sent to the server until another one is released. Other noticeable HTTP log cases ('xx' means any value to be ignored) : Tq/Tw/Tc/Tr/+Tt The "option logasap" is present on the frontend and the log was emitted before the data phase. All the timers are valid except "Tt" which is shorter than reality. -1/xx/xx/xx/Tt The client was not able to send a complete request in time or it aborted too early. Check the session termination flags then "timeout http-request" and "timeout client" settings. Tq/-1/xx/xx/Tt It was not possible to process the request, maybe because servers were out of order, because the request was invalid or forbidden by ACL rules. Check the session termination flags. Tq/Tw/-1/xx/Tt The connection could not establish on the server. Either it actively refused it or it timed out after Tt-(Tq+Tw) ms. Check the session termination flags, then check the "timeout connect" setting. Note that the tarpit action might return similar-looking patterns, with "Tw" equal to the time the client connection was maintained open. Tq/Tw/Tc/-1/Tt The server has accepted the connection but did not return a complete response in time, or it closed its connexion unexpectedly after Tt-(Tq+Tw+Tc) ms. Check the session termination flags, then check the "timeout server" setting. This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode charactersOriginal file line number Diff line number Diff line change @@ -0,0 +1,319 @@ 8.5. Session state at disconnection ----------------------------------- TCP and HTTP logs provide a session termination indicator in the "termination_state" field, just before the number of active connections. It is 2-characters long in TCP mode, and is extended to 4 characters in HTTP mode, each of which has a special meaning : - On the first character, a code reporting the first event which caused the session to terminate : C : the TCP session was unexpectedly aborted by the client. S : the TCP session was unexpectedly aborted by the server, or the server explicitly refused it. P : the session was prematurely aborted by the proxy, because of a connection limit enforcement, because a DENY filter was matched, because of a security check which detected and blocked a dangerous error in server response which might have caused information leak (eg: cacheable cookie), or because the response was processed by the proxy (redirect, stats, etc...). R : a resource on the proxy has been exhausted (memory, sockets, source ports, ...). Usually, this appears during the connection phase, and system logs should contain a copy of the precise error. If this happens, it must be considered as a very serious anomaly which should be fixed as soon as possible by any means. I : an internal error was identified by the proxy during a self-check. This should NEVER happen, and you are encouraged to report any log containing this, because this would almost certainly be a bug. It would be wise to preventively restart the process after such an event too, in case it would be caused by memory corruption. c : the client-side timeout expired while waiting for the client to send or receive data. s : the server-side timeout expired while waiting for the server to send or receive data. - : normal session completion, both the client and the server closed with nothing left in the buffers. - on the second character, the TCP or HTTP session state when it was closed : R : the proxy was waiting for a complete, valid REQUEST from the client (HTTP mode only). Nothing was sent to any server. Q : the proxy was waiting in the QUEUE for a connection slot. This can only happen when servers have a 'maxconn' parameter set. It can also happen in the global queue after a redispatch consecutive to a failed attempt to connect to a dying server. If no redispatch is reported, then no connection attempt was made to any server. C : the proxy was waiting for the CONNECTION to establish on the server. The server might at most have noticed a connection attempt. H : the proxy was waiting for complete, valid response HEADERS from the server (HTTP only). D : the session was in the DATA phase. L : the proxy was still transmitting LAST data to the client while the server had already finished. This one is very rare as it can only happen when the client dies while receiving the last packets. T : the request was tarpitted. It has been held open with the client during the whole "timeout tarpit" duration or until the client closed, both of which will be reported in the "Tw" timer. - : normal session completion after end of data transfer. - the third character tells whether the persistence cookie was provided by the client (only in HTTP mode) : N : the client provided NO cookie. This is usually the case for new visitors, so counting the number of occurrences of this flag in the logs generally indicate a valid trend for the site frequentation. I : the client provided an INVALID cookie matching no known server. This might be caused by a recent configuration change, mixed cookies between HTTP/HTTPS sites, persistence conditionally ignored, or an attack. D : the client provided a cookie designating a server which was DOWN, so either "option persist" was used and the client was sent to this server, or it was not set and the client was redispatched to another server. V : the client provided a VALID cookie, and was sent to the associated server. E : the client provided a valid cookie, but with a last date which was older than what is allowed by the "maxidle" cookie parameter, so the cookie is consider EXPIRED and is ignored. The request will be redispatched just as if there was no cookie. O : the client provided a valid cookie, but with a first date which was older than what is allowed by the "maxlife" cookie parameter, so the cookie is consider too OLD and is ignored. The request will be redispatched just as if there was no cookie. - : does not apply (no cookie set in configuration). - the last character reports what operations were performed on the persistence cookie returned by the server (only in HTTP mode) : N : NO cookie was provided by the server, and none was inserted either. I : no cookie was provided by the server, and the proxy INSERTED one. Note that in "cookie insert" mode, if the server provides a cookie, it will still be overwritten and reported as "I" here. U : the proxy UPDATED the last date in the cookie that was presented by the client. This can only happen in insert mode with "maxidle". It happens everytime there is activity at a different date than the date indicated in the cookie. If any other change happens, such as a redispatch, then the cookie will be marked as inserted instead. P : a cookie was PROVIDED by the server and transmitted as-is. R : the cookie provided by the server was REWRITTEN by the proxy, which happens in "cookie rewrite" or "cookie prefix" modes. D : the cookie provided by the server was DELETED by the proxy. - : does not apply (no cookie set in configuration). The combination of the two first flags gives a lot of information about what was happening when the session terminated, and why it did terminate. It can be helpful to detect server saturation, network troubles, local system resource starvation, attacks, etc... The most common termination flags combinations are indicated below. They are alphabetically sorted, with the lowercase set just after the upper case for easier finding and understanding. Flags Reason -- Normal termination. CC The client aborted before the connection could be established to the server. This can happen when haproxy tries to connect to a recently dead (or unchecked) server, and the client aborts while haproxy is waiting for the server to respond or for "timeout connect" to expire. CD The client unexpectedly aborted during data transfer. This can be caused by a browser crash, by an intermediate equipment between the client and haproxy which decided to actively break the connection, by network routing issues between the client and haproxy, or by a keep-alive session between the server and the client terminated first by the client. cD The client did not send nor acknowledge any data for as long as the "timeout client" delay. This is often caused by network failures on the client side, or the client simply leaving the net uncleanly. CH The client aborted while waiting for the server to start responding. It might be the server taking too long to respond or the client clicking the 'Stop' button too fast. cH The "timeout client" stroke while waiting for client data during a POST request. This is sometimes caused by too large TCP MSS values for PPPoE networks which cannot transport full-sized packets. It can also happen when client timeout is smaller than server timeout and the server takes too long to respond. CQ The client aborted while its session was queued, waiting for a server with enough empty slots to accept it. It might be that either all the servers were saturated or that the assigned server was taking too long a time to respond. CR The client aborted before sending a full HTTP request. Most likely the request was typed by hand using a telnet client, and aborted too early. The HTTP status code is likely a 400 here. Sometimes this might also be caused by an IDS killing the connection between haproxy and the client. cR The "timeout http-request" stroke before the client sent a full HTTP request. This is sometimes caused by too large TCP MSS values on the client side for PPPoE networks which cannot transport full-sized packets, or by clients sending requests by hand and not typing fast enough, or forgetting to enter the empty line at the end of the request. The HTTP status code is likely a 408 here. CT The client aborted while its session was tarpitted. It is important to check if this happens on valid requests, in order to be sure that no wrong tarpit rules have been written. If a lot of them happen, it might make sense to lower the "timeout tarpit" value to something closer to the average reported "Tw" timer, in order not to consume resources for just a few attackers. SC The server or an equipment between it and haproxy explicitly refused the TCP connection (the proxy received a TCP RST or an ICMP message in return). Under some circumstances, it can also be the network stack telling the proxy that the server is unreachable (eg: no route, or no ARP response on local network). When this happens in HTTP mode, the status code is likely a 502 or 503 here. sC The "timeout connect" stroke before a connection to the server could complete. When this happens in HTTP mode, the status code is likely a 503 or 504 here. SD The connection to the server died with an error during the data transfer. This usually means that haproxy has received an RST from the server or an ICMP message from an intermediate equipment while exchanging data with the server. This can be caused by a server crash or by a network issue on an intermediate equipment. sD The server did not send nor acknowledge any data for as long as the "timeout server" setting during the data phase. This is often caused by too short timeouts on L4 equipments before the server (firewalls, load-balancers, ...), as well as keep-alive sessions maintained between the client and the server expiring first on haproxy. SH The server aborted before sending its full HTTP response headers, or it crashed while processing the request. Since a server aborting at this moment is very rare, it would be wise to inspect its logs to control whether it crashed and why. The logged request may indicate a small set of faulty requests, demonstrating bugs in the application. Sometimes this might also be caused by an IDS killing the connection between haproxy and the server. sH The "timeout server" stroke before the server could return its response headers. This is the most common anomaly, indicating too long transactions, probably caused by server or database saturation. The immediate workaround consists in increasing the "timeout server" setting, but it is important to keep in mind that the user experience will suffer from these long response times. The only long term solution is to fix the application. sQ The session spent too much time in queue and has been expired. See the "timeout queue" and "timeout connect" settings to find out how to fix this if it happens too often. If it often happens massively in short periods, it may indicate general problems on the affected servers due to I/O or database congestion, or saturation caused by external attacks. PC The proxy refused to establish a connection to the server because the process' socket limit has been reached while attempting to connect. The global "maxconn" parameter may be increased in the configuration so that it does not happen anymore. This status is very rare and might happen when the global "ulimit-n" parameter is forced by hand. PD The proxy blocked an incorrectly formatted chunked encoded message in a request or a response, after the server has emitted its headers. In most cases, this will indicate an invalid message from the server to the client. PH The proxy blocked the server's response, because it was invalid, incomplete, dangerous (cache control), or matched a security filter. In any case, an HTTP 502 error is sent to the client. One possible cause for this error is an invalid syntax in an HTTP header name containing unauthorized characters. It is also possible but quite rare, that the proxy blocked a chunked-encoding request from the client due to an invalid syntax, before the server responded. In this case, an HTTP 400 error is sent to the client and reported in the logs. PR The proxy blocked the client's HTTP request, either because of an invalid HTTP syntax, in which case it returned an HTTP 400 error to the client, or because a deny filter matched, in which case it returned an HTTP 403 error. PT The proxy blocked the client's request and has tarpitted its connection before returning it a 500 server error. Nothing was sent to the server. The connection was maintained open for as long as reported by the "Tw" timer field. RC A local resource has been exhausted (memory, sockets, source ports) preventing the connection to the server from establishing. The error logs will tell precisely what was missing. This is very rare and can only be solved by proper system tuning. The combination of the two last flags gives a lot of information about how persistence was handled by the client, the server and by haproxy. This is very important to troubleshoot disconnections, when users complain they have to re-authenticate. The commonly encountered flags are : -- Persistence cookie is not enabled. NN No cookie was provided by the client, none was inserted in the response. For instance, this can be in insert mode with "postonly" set on a GET request. II A cookie designating an invalid server was provided by the client, a valid one was inserted in the response. This typically happens when a "server" entry is removed from the configuraton, since its cookie value can be presented by a client when no other server knows it. NI No cookie was provided by the client, one was inserted in the response. This typically happens for first requests from every user in "insert" mode, which makes it an easy way to count real users. VN A cookie was provided by the client, none was inserted in the response. This happens for most responses for which the client has already got a cookie. VU A cookie was provided by the client, with a last visit date which is not completely up-to-date, so an updated cookie was provided in response. This can also happen if there was no date at all, or if there was a date but the "maxidle" parameter was not set, so that the cookie can be switched to unlimited time. EI A cookie was provided by the client, with a last visit date which is too old for the "maxidle" parameter, so the cookie was ignored and a new cookie was inserted in the response. OI A cookie was provided by the client, with a first visit date which is too old for the "maxlife" parameter, so the cookie was ignored and a new cookie was inserted in the response. DI The server designated by the cookie was down, a new server was selected and a new cookie was emitted in the response. VI The server designated by the cookie was not marked dead but could not be reached. A redispatch happened and selected another one, which was then advertised in the response. -
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This file contains hidden or bidirectional Unicode text that may be interpreted or compiled differently than what appears below. To review, open the file in an editor that reveals hidden Unicode characters. Learn more about bidirectional Unicode charactersOriginal file line number Diff line number Diff line change @@ -0,0 +1,242 @@ (Copied from http://haproxy.1wt.eu/download/1.4/doc/configuration.txt) 8.2.3. HTTP log format ---------------------- The HTTP format is the most complete and the best suited for HTTP proxies. It is enabled by when "option httplog" is specified in the frontend. It provides the same level of information as the TCP format with additional features which are specific to the HTTP protocol. Just like the TCP format, the log is usually emitted at the end of the session, unless "option logasap" is specified, which generally only makes sense for download sites. A session which matches the "monitor" rules will never logged. It is also possible not to log sessions for which no data were sent by the client by specifying "option dontlognull" in the frontend. Successful connections will not be logged if "option dontlog-normal" is specified in the frontend. Most fields are shared with the TCP log, some being different. A few fields may slightly vary depending on some configuration options. Those ones are marked with a star ('*') after the field name below. Example : frontend http-in mode http option httplog log global default_backend bck backend static server srv1 127.0.0.1:8000 >>> Feb 6 12:14:14 localhost \ haproxy[14389]: 10.0.1.2:33317 [06/Feb/2009:12:14:14.655] http-in \ static/srv1 10/0/30/69/109 200 2750 - - ---- 1/1/1/1/0 0/0 {1wt.eu} \ {} "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1" Field Format Extract from the example above 1 process_name '[' pid ']:' haproxy[14389]: 2 client_ip ':' client_port 10.0.1.2:33317 3 '[' accept_date ']' [06/Feb/2009:12:14:14.655] 4 frontend_name http-in 5 backend_name '/' server_name static/srv1 6 Tq '/' Tw '/' Tc '/' Tr '/' Tt* 10/0/30/69/109 7 status_code 200 8 bytes_read* 2750 9 captured_request_cookie - 10 captured_response_cookie - 11 termination_state ---- 12 actconn '/' feconn '/' beconn '/' srv_conn '/' retries* 1/1/1/1/0 13 srv_queue '/' backend_queue 0/0 14 '{' captured_request_headers* '}' {haproxy.1wt.eu} 15 '{' captured_response_headers* '}' {} 16 '"' http_request '"' "GET /index.html HTTP/1.1" Detailed fields description : - "client_ip" is the IP address of the client which initiated the TCP connection to haproxy. - "client_port" is the TCP port of the client which initiated the connection. - "accept_date" is the exact date when the TCP connection was received by haproxy (which might be very slightly different from the date observed on the network if there was some queuing in the system's backlog). This is usually the same date which may appear in any upstream firewall's log. This does not depend on the fact that the client has sent the request or not. - "frontend_name" is the name of the frontend (or listener) which received and processed the connection. - "backend_name" is the name of the backend (or listener) which was selected to manage the connection to the server. This will be the same as the frontend if no switching rule has been applied. - "server_name" is the name of the last server to which the connection was sent, which might differ from the first one if there were connection errors and a redispatch occurred. Note that this server belongs to the backend which processed the request. If the request was aborted before reaching a server, "<NOSRV>" is indicated instead of a server name. If the request was intercepted by the stats subsystem, "<STATS>" is indicated instead. - "Tq" is the total time in milliseconds spent waiting for the client to send a full HTTP request, not counting data. It can be "-1" if the connection was aborted before a complete request could be received. It should always be very small because a request generally fits in one single packet. Large times here generally indicate network trouble between the client and haproxy. See "Timers" below for more details. - "Tw" is the total time in milliseconds spent waiting in the various queues. It can be "-1" if the connection was aborted before reaching the queue. See "Timers" below for more details. - "Tc" is the total time in milliseconds spent waiting for the connection to establish to the final server, including retries. It can be "-1" if the request was aborted before a connection could be established. See "Timers" below for more details. - "Tr" is the total time in milliseconds spent waiting for the server to send a full HTTP response, not counting data. It can be "-1" if the request was aborted before a complete response could be received. It generally matches the server's processing time for the request, though it may be altered by the amount of data sent by the client to the server. Large times here on "GET" requests generally indicate an overloaded server. See "Timers" below for more details. - "Tt" is the total time in milliseconds elapsed between the accept and the last close. It covers all possible processings. There is one exception, if "option logasap" was specified, then the time counting stops at the moment the log is emitted. In this case, a '+' sign is prepended before the value, indicating that the final one will be larger. See "Timers" below for more details. - "status_code" is the HTTP status code returned to the client. This status is generally set by the server, but it might also be set by haproxy when the server cannot be reached or when its response is blocked by haproxy. - "bytes_read" is the total number of bytes transmitted to the client when the log is emitted. This does include HTTP headers. If "option logasap" is specified, the this value will be prefixed with a '+' sign indicating that the final one may be larger. Please note that this value is a 64-bit counter, so log analysis tools must be able to handle it without overflowing. - "captured_request_cookie" is an optional "name=value" entry indicating that the client had this cookie in the request. The cookie name and its maximum length are defined by the "capture cookie" statement in the frontend configuration. The field is a single dash ('-') when the option is not set. Only one cookie may be captured, it is generally used to track session ID exchanges between a client and a server to detect session crossing between clients due to application bugs. For more details, please consult the section "Capturing HTTP headers and cookies" below. - "captured_response_cookie" is an optional "name=value" entry indicating that the server has returned a cookie with its response. The cookie name and its maximum length are defined by the "capture cookie" statement in the frontend configuration. The field is a single dash ('-') when the option is not set. Only one cookie may be captured, it is generally used to track session ID exchanges between a client and a server to detect session crossing between clients due to application bugs. For more details, please consult the section "Capturing HTTP headers and cookies" below. - "termination_state" is the condition the session was in when the session ended. This indicates the session state, which side caused the end of session to happen, for what reason (timeout, error, ...), just like in TCP logs, and information about persistence operations on cookies in the last two characters. The normal flags should begin with "--", indicating the session was closed by either end with no data remaining in buffers. See below "Session state at disconnection" for more details. - "actconn" is the total number of concurrent connections on the process when the session was logged. It it useful to detect when some per-process system limits have been reached. For instance, if actconn is close to 512 or 1024 when multiple connection errors occur, chances are high that the system limits the process to use a maximum of 1024 file descriptors and that all of them are used. See section 3 "Global parameters" to find how to tune the system. - "feconn" is the total number of concurrent connections on the frontend when the session was logged. It is useful to estimate the amount of resource required to sustain high loads, and to detect when the frontend's "maxconn" has been reached. Most often when this value increases by huge jumps, it is because there is congestion on the backend servers, but sometimes it can be caused by a denial of service attack. - "beconn" is the total number of concurrent connections handled by the backend when the session was logged. It includes the total number of concurrent connections active on servers as well as the number of connections pending in queues. It is useful to estimate the amount of additional servers needed to support high loads for a given application. Most often when this value increases by huge jumps, it is because there is congestion on the backend servers, but sometimes it can be caused by a denial of service attack. - "srv_conn" is the total number of concurrent connections still active on the server when the session was logged. It can never exceed the server's configured "maxconn" parameter. If this value is very often close or equal to the server's "maxconn", it means that traffic regulation is involved a lot, meaning that either the server's maxconn value is too low, or that there aren't enough servers to process the load with an optimal response time. When only one of the server's "srv_conn" is high, it usually means that this server has some trouble causing the requests to take longer to be processed than on other servers. - "retries" is the number of connection retries experienced by this session when trying to connect to the server. It must normally be zero, unless a server is being stopped at the same moment the connection was attempted. Frequent retries generally indicate either a network problem between haproxy and the server, or a misconfigured system backlog on the server preventing new connections from being queued. This field may optionally be prefixed with a '+' sign, indicating that the session has experienced a redispatch after the maximal retry count has been reached on the initial server. In this case, the server name appearing in the log is the one the connection was redispatched to, and not the first one, though both may sometimes be the same in case of hashing for instance. So as a general rule of thumb, when a '+' is present in front of the retry count, this count should not be attributed to the logged server. - "srv_queue" is the total number of requests which were processed before this one in the server queue. It is zero when the request has not gone through the server queue. It makes it possible to estimate the approximate server's response time by dividing the time spent in queue by the number of requests in the queue. It is worth noting that if a session experiences a redispatch and passes through two server queues, their positions will be cumulated. A request should not pass through both the server queue and the backend queue unless a redispatch occurs. - "backend_queue" is the total number of requests which were processed before this one in the backend's global queue. It is zero when the request has not gone through the global queue. It makes it possible to estimate the average queue length, which easily translates into a number of missing servers when divided by a server's "maxconn" parameter. It is worth noting that if a session experiences a redispatch, it may pass twice in the backend's queue, and then both positions will be cumulated. A request should not pass through both the server queue and the backend queue unless a redispatch occurs. - "captured_request_headers" is a list of headers captured in the request due to the presence of the "capture request header" statement in the frontend. Multiple headers can be captured, they will be delimited by a vertical bar ('|'). When no capture is enabled, the braces do not appear, causing a shift of remaining fields. It is important to note that this field may contain spaces, and that using it requires a smarter log parser than when it's not used. Please consult the section "Capturing HTTP headers and cookies" below for more details. - "captured_response_headers" is a list of headers captured in the response due to the presence of the "capture response header" statement in the frontend. Multiple headers can be captured, they will be delimited by a vertical bar ('|'). When no capture is enabled, the braces do not appear, causing a shift of remaining fields. It is important to note that this field may contain spaces, and that using it requires a smarter log parser than when it's not used. Please consult the section "Capturing HTTP headers and cookies" below for more details. - "http_request" is the complete HTTP request line, including the method, request and HTTP version string. Non-printable characters are encoded (see below the section "Non-printable characters"). This is always the last field, and it is always delimited by quotes and is the only one which can contain quotes. If new fields are added to the log format, they will be added before this field. This field might be truncated if the request is huge and does not fit in the standard syslog buffer (1024 characters). This is the reason why this field must always remain the last one.