China now works where sunlight never will - about 11 km down. Not once. Routinely. And they brought robots.
My AI research agent pulled the raw mission logs and institute papers, and the pattern is clear: in the last decade, China leaped from 7 km dives to full-ocean-depth ops, then started wiring the gaps with smarter autonomy and long-haul gliders. Headlines brag about records. The quieter story is cadence - more dives, longer on-bottom time, faster turnarounds.
The heavy hitters:
- Fendouzhe is a crewed sub that hit about 10.9 km in the Mariana. It’s not just a trophy. It runs real science with deep acoustic comms so you don’t vanish in the dark.
- Haidou-1 is the hadal robot you care about. Hybrid mode, manipulator arms, repeated dives past 10 km, hours crawling the trench floor. That’s intervention, not sightseeing.
- Sea Wing and Haiyan gliders are the scooter swarm. Over 6 km depth on record, months at sea, fleets profiling temperature, oxygen, and more across the Indian Ocean and the Western Pacific