Human or dashcam observation
This document lists traffic violations that can be visually confirmed by a person standing on a sidewalk, riding a bike, or reviewing dashcam footage.
No assumptions about radar, speed guns, or internal vehicle data.
- Speeding
- Aggressive acceleration
- Hard braking without cause
- Tailgating
- Failure to signal
- Improper lane change
- Drifting between lanes
- Weaving through traffic
- Driving on the wrong side of the road
- Driving the wrong way on a one‑way street
- Entering oncoming traffic to pass
- Going around a stopped bus into oncoming traffic
- Failing to yield
- Cutting off another vehicle
- Blocking an intersection
- Entering a pedestrian crosswalk while occupied
- Rolling through a stop sign
- Accelerating through a stop sign
- Failing to stop at the stop line
- Right on red without stopping
- Driving through a red light
- Driving through a yellow that was already red before entry
- Improper U‑turn
- Illegal turn (direction or time‑restricted)
- Unsafe merge
- Driving over solid lines
- Driving on shoulder
- Leaving the roadway (sidewalk, grass, bike path)
- Driving with doors open
- Driving with trunk/hatch open unsafely
- Driving with a person hanging out of the vehicle
- Driving with unsecured cargo that visibly shifts
- Unsafe proximity to a cyclist
- Unsafe proximity to a pedestrian
- Passing a cyclist too closely
- Not yielding to pedestrians in a crosswalk
- Entering a crosswalk while pedestrians are present
- Failing to stop for a school crossing guard
- Passing a stopped school bus with lights activated
- Splashing pedestrians intentionally (puddles)
- Cellphone use (handheld)
- Distracted driving (tablet, food, makeup, etc.)
- Driver not looking at the road
- Driver wearing headphones
- Driver asleep or head down
- Impaired‑like behavior (weaving, delayed reactions — visually observable only)
- Illegal parking (no‑parking zone)
- Illegal parking (timed restriction)
- Parking in a bike lane
- Parking in a bus stop
- Parking in a fire route
- Parking too close to a fire hydrant
- Parking too close to an intersection
- Parking blocking a driveway
- Parking on sidewalk
- Parking on crosswalk
- Double parking
- Parking facing the wrong direction
- Parking too far from curb
- Parking in accessible/disabled spot without permit
- Parking within restricted radius of a school
- Stopping in a live lane
- Stopping in a crosswalk
- Stopping in a bike lane
- Missing front or rear plate
- Concealed plate
- Damaged or unreadable plate
- Temporary paper plate improperly displayed
- Snow obscuring plate
- Snow covering windows
- Excessive tint (front windows or windshield)
- No driver visibility (frost, fog, coverings)
- Missing mirrors
- Broken or missing lights
- Headlights off at night
- Daytime running lights only at night
- High beams used improperly
- One headlight out
- One taillight out
- Brake lights not functioning
- Turn signals not functioning
- Hazard lights used while moving
- Protruding items from trunk/roof
- Unsecured load
- Dragging objects
- Excessive smoke from exhaust
- Excessive noise (visible modified exhaust, popping, etc.)
- Passing a stopped school bus
- Passing a streetcar with doors open (where applicable)
- Blocking a bus lane
- Driving in a bus‑only lane
- Stopping in a bus lane
- Entering a transit‑only zone
- Ignoring lane‑control signals (X / arrow signs)
- Hitting an object
- Hitting a person
- Hitting another vehicle
- Causing another vehicle to brake or swerve
- Near‑miss with pedestrian or cyclist
- Backing up unsafely into traffic
- Snow on roof
- Snow on hood
- Snow on lights
- Snow blocking plate
- Frosted windshield
- Driving with only a small scraped peephole
- Wipers not functioning in rain
- Hazardous driving in poor visibility (no lights in fog)
- Blocking a bike lane
- Blocking a sidewalk
- Blocking a crosswalk
- Blocking a fire hydrant
- Blocking a driveway
- Blocking an intersection
- Stopping in a live lane
- Stopping in a turning lane without turning