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RealTweet is an algorithm to distinguish human and bot twitter users.
The python script is based on Professor Marco Camisani Calzolari algorithm (www.camisanicalzolari.com/MCC-Twitter-ENG.pdf)
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| The MIT License (MIT) | |
| Copyright (c) 2013 Yassine AZZOUT | |
| Permission is hereby granted, free of charge, to any person obtaining a copy | |
| of this software and associated documentation files (the "Software"), to deal | |
| in the Software without restriction, including without limitation the rights | |
| to use, copy, modify, merge, publish, distribute, sublicense, and/or sell | |
| copies of the Software, and to permit persons to whom the Software is | |
| furnished to do so, subject to the following conditions: | |
| The above copyright notice and this permission notice shall be included in | |
| all copies or substantial portions of the Software. | |
| THE SOFTWARE IS PROVIDED "AS IS", WITHOUT WARRANTY OF ANY KIND, EXPRESS OR | |
| IMPLIED, INCLUDING BUT NOT LIMITED TO THE WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY, | |
| FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE AND NONINFRINGEMENT. IN NO EVENT SHALL THE | |
| AUTHORS OR COPYRIGHT HOLDERS BE LIABLE FOR ANY CLAIM, DAMAGES OR OTHER | |
| LIABILITY, WHETHER IN AN ACTION OF CONTRACT, TORT OR OTHERWISE, ARISING FROM, | |
| OUT OF OR IN CONNECTION WITH THE SOFTWARE OR THE USE OR OTHER DEALINGS IN | |
| THE SOFTWARE. |
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| from twitter import * | |
| # Minimalist Twitter API for Python | |
| # https://github.com/sixohsix/twitter/ | |
| import string | |
| import re | |
| class RealTweet: | |
| # RealTweet is an algorithm to distinguish human and bot twitter users | |
| # Based on Professor Marco Camisani Calzolari algorithm | |
| # www.camisanicalzolari.com/MCC-Twitter-ENG.pdf | |
| __twitter = None | |
| __OAUTH_TOKEN = None | |
| __OAUTH_SECRET = None | |
| __CONSUMER_KEY = None | |
| __CONSUMER_SECRET = None | |
| __human = 0 | |
| __bot = 0 | |
| __HUMAN = "human" | |
| __BOT = "bot" | |
| __UNCERTAIN = "uncertain" | |
| def __init__(self, oauth_token=None, oauth_secret=None, consumer_key=None, consumer_secret=None): | |
| # Create authentication or not according keys | |
| if oauth_token is None or oauth_secret is None or consumer_key is None or consumer_secret is None: | |
| self.__twitter = Twitter( auth=NoAuth() ) | |
| print("No authentication") | |
| else: | |
| self.__OAUTH_TOKEN = oauth_token | |
| self.__OAUTH_SECRET = oauth_secret | |
| self.__CONSUMER_KEY = consumer_key | |
| self.__CONSUMER_SECRET = consumer_secret | |
| self.__twitter = Twitter( auth=OAuth(oauth_token, oauth_secret,consumer_key, consumer_secret) ) | |
| print("Authentication with secret keys") | |
| def behaviour(self,username): | |
| # Get the behaviour type of twitter account: human, uncertain or bot | |
| self.__human = 0 | |
| self.__bot = 0 | |
| # user behaviour | |
| self.__user(username) | |
| # timeline behaviour | |
| self.__timeline(username) | |
| # According behaviours points return the profile | |
| if self.__human > self.__bot: | |
| return self.__HUMAN | |
| elif self.__human > (self.__bot-4) and self.__human <= self.__bot: | |
| return self.__UNCERTAIN | |
| elif self.__human <= (self.__bot-4): | |
| return self.__BOT | |
| def __user(self,username): | |
| # Get points from the user behaviour | |
| user = self.__twitter.users.show(screen_name=username) | |
| # Account verified so human | |
| verified = user['verified'] | |
| if verified: | |
| self.__human = 1000 | |
| self.__bot = 0 | |
| return | |
| # One point characteristics for human else bot | |
| # The profile contains a name | |
| name = user['name'] | |
| if name: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The profile has altered the theme or background | |
| default_profile = user['default_profile'] | |
| if not default_profile: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The profile contains a physical address | |
| location = user['location'] | |
| if location: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The profile contains a biography | |
| description = user['description'] | |
| if description: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user has at least 30 followers | |
| followers_count = user['followers_count'] | |
| if followers_count >= 30: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user has been added to a list by other users | |
| listed_count = user['listed_count'] | |
| if listed_count >= 1: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user has written more than 50 posts | |
| statuses_count = user['statuses_count'] | |
| if statuses_count >= 50: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user has been geolocalised | |
| geo_enabled = user['geo_enabled'] | |
| if geo_enabled: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The profile contains a URL | |
| url = user['url'] | |
| if url: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user has been included in another user’s favourites | |
| favourites_count = user['favourites_count'] | |
| if favourites_count >=1 : | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user has a number of followers which, if doubled, is greater than the number they are following. | |
| followers_count = followers_count * 2 | |
| friends_count = user['friends_count'] | |
| if followers_count > friends_count: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| def __timeline(self,username): | |
| # Get points from the tweets behaviour | |
| # most recent tweet or retweet | |
| timeline = self.__twitter.statuses.user_timeline(screen_name=username) | |
| if len(timeline) is 0: | |
| self.__bot += 4 | |
| return | |
| # The user uses punctuation in posts | |
| if self.__punctuation(timeline): | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user has used a hashtag in their posts at least once | |
| if self.__hashtag(timeline): | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user has written the userID of another user inside at least one post | |
| if self.__mention(timeline): | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user publishes content which does not just contain URLs | |
| if self.__urls(timeline): | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| else: | |
| self.__bot += 1 | |
| # The user has posted in through different clients | |
| self.__source(timeline) | |
| # TWO POINTS | |
| # At least one post has been retweeted by other users | |
| if self.__retweeted(timeline): | |
| self.__human += 2 | |
| # THRE POINTS | |
| # the user has logged in through different clients | |
| if self.__clients(timeline): | |
| self.__human += 3 | |
| def __punctuation(self,timeline): | |
| # The user uses punctuation in posts | |
| for tweets in timeline: | |
| if re.search('['+string.punctuation+']', tweets['text']): | |
| return True | |
| return None | |
| def __hashtag(self,timeline): | |
| # The user has used a hashtag in their posts at least once | |
| for tweets in timeline: | |
| if re.search('[#]', tweets['text']): | |
| return True | |
| return None | |
| def __mention(self,timeline): | |
| # The user has written the userID of another user inside at least one post | |
| for tweets in timeline: | |
| entities = tweets['entities'] | |
| if len(entities['user_mentions']) >= 1: | |
| return True | |
| return None | |
| def __urls(self,timeline): | |
| # The user publishes content which does not just contain URLs | |
| for tweets in timeline: | |
| entities = tweets['entities'] | |
| if len(entities['urls']) == 0: | |
| return True | |
| return None | |
| def __source(self,timeline): | |
| # The user has posted in through different clients | |
| iphone = None | |
| android = None | |
| twittercom = None | |
| foursquare = None | |
| instagram = None | |
| for tweets in timeline: | |
| source = tweets['source'] | |
| if "iphone" in source: | |
| iphone = True | |
| elif "android" in source: | |
| android = True | |
| elif "web" in source: | |
| twittercom = True | |
| elif "foursquare" in source: | |
| foursquare = True | |
| elif "instagram" in source: | |
| instagram = True | |
| # The user has used an iPhone to log in to Twitter | |
| if iphone: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| # The user has used Android to log in to Twitter | |
| if android: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| # The user has posted with Foursquare | |
| if foursquare: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| # The user has posted with Instagram | |
| if instagram: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| # The user has used the Twitter.com website | |
| if twittercom: | |
| self.__human += 1 | |
| def __clients(self,timeline): | |
| # The user has logged into Twitter through different clients | |
| clients = [] | |
| for tweets in timeline: | |
| clients.append(tweets['source']) | |
| if len(set(clients)) > 2: | |
| return True | |
| else: | |
| return None | |
| def __retweeted(self,timeline): | |
| # At least one post has been retweeted by other users | |
| for tweets in timeline: | |
| retweet_count= tweets['retweet_count'] | |
| if retweet_count > 0: | |
| return True | |
| return None | |
| # Example | |
| # Use token and key on https://dev.twitter.com/apps/new | |
| fakedetector_auth = RealTweet(oauth_token, oauth_secret,consumer_key, consumer_secret) | |
| username = "gvanrossum" | |
| print(username + ' is probably ' + fakedetector_auth.behaviour(username)) | |
| username = "valeria311998" | |
| print(username + ' is probably ' + fakedetector_auth.behaviour(username)) |
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