umardx · February 23, 2021 09:02
diff --git a/gistfile1.txt b/gistfile1.txt
 # How to Shrink the Cloned Raspberry Pi Image (Linux-only)

 These methods create an image file that is equal to the total capacity of the SD card. For example, cloning an SD card with a capacity of 32GB will create an image file of 32 GB, even if only 5 GB is actually in use on the card. This is fine if you only have one or two such images, but any more than that (especially if you use an SSD) will cause you to run out of space.
 Unfortunately, this tool is only available on Linux. If you do not have Linux installed, you can install the latest version of Ubuntu or Linux Mint in a virtual machine, and run this script there:

 ### shrink.sh

 ```bash
 #!/bin/bash

 usage() { echo "Usage: $0 [-s] imagefile.img [newimagefile.img]"; exit -1; }

 should_skip_autoexpand=false

 while getopts ":s" opt; do
  case "${opt}" in
    s) should_skip_autoexpand=true ;;
    *) usage ;;
  esac
 done
 shift $((OPTIND-1))

 #Args
 img=$1

 #Usage checks
 if [[ -z $img ]]; then
  usage
 fi
 if [[ ! -e $img ]]; then
  echo "ERROR: $img is not a file..."
  exit -2
 fi
 if (( EUID != 0 )); then
  echo "ERROR: You need to be running as root."
  exit -3
 fi

 #Check that what we need is installed
 A=`which parted 2>&1`
 if (( $? != 0 )); then
  echo "ERROR: parted is not installed."
  exit -4
 fi

 #Copy to new file if requested
 if [ -n "$2" ]; then
  echo "Copying $1 to $2..."
  cp --reflink=auto --sparse=always "$1" "$2"
  if (( $? != 0 )); then
    echo "ERROR: Could not copy file..."
    exit -5
  fi
  img=$2
 fi

 #Gather info
 beforesize=`ls -lah $img | cut -d ' ' -f 5`
 partnum=`parted -m $img unit B print | tail -n 1 | cut -d ':' -f 1 | tr -d '\n'`
 partstart=`parted -m $img unit B print | tail -n 1 | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d 'B\n'`
 loopback=`losetup -f --show -o $partstart $img`
 currentsize=`tune2fs -l $loopback | grep 'Block count' | tr -d ' ' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d '\n'`
 blocksize=`tune2fs -l $loopback | grep 'Block size' | tr -d ' ' | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d '\n'`

 #Check if we should make pi expand rootfs on next boot
 if [ "$should_skip_autoexpand" = false ]; then
  #Make pi expand rootfs on next boot
  mountdir=`mktemp -d`
  mount $loopback $mountdir

  if [ `md5sum $mountdir/etc/rc.local | cut -d ' ' -f 1` != "a27a4d8192ea6ba713d2ddd15a55b1df" ]; then
    echo Creating new /etc/rc.local
    mv $mountdir/etc/rc.local $mountdir/etc/rc.local.bak
    ###Do not touch the following 6 lines including EOF###
 cat <<\EOF > $mountdir/etc/rc.local
 #!/bin/bash
 /usr/bin/raspi-config --expand-rootfs
 rm -f /etc/rc.local; cp -f /etc/rc.local.bak /etc/rc.local; reboot
 exit 0
 EOF
    ###End no touch zone###
    chmod +x $mountdir/etc/rc.local
  fi
  umount $mountdir
 else
  echo Skipping autoexpanding process...
 fi

 #Make sure filesystem is ok
 e2fsck -f $loopback
 minsize=`resize2fs -P $loopback | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d ' ' | tr -d '\n'`
 if [[ $currentsize -eq $minsize ]]; then
  echo ERROR: Image already shrunk to smallest size
  exit -6
 fi

 #Add some free space to the end of the filesystem
 if [[ `expr $currentsize - $minsize - 5000` -gt 0 ]]; then
  minsize=`expr $minsize + 5000 | tr -d '\n'`
 elif [[ `expr $currentsize - $minsize - 1000` -gt 0 ]]; then
  minsize=`expr $minsize + 1000 | tr -d '\n'`
 elif [[ `expr $currentsize - $minsize - 100` -gt 0 ]]; then
  minsize=`expr $minsize + 100 | tr -d '\n'`
 fi

 #Shrink filesystem
 resize2fs -p $loopback $minsize
 if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
  echo ERROR: resize2fs failed...
  mount $loopback $mountdir
  mv $mountdir/etc/rc.local.bak $mountdir/etc/rc.local
  umount $mountdir
  losetup -d $loopback
  exit $rc
 fi
 sleep 1

 #Shrink partition
 losetup -d $loopback
 partnewsize=`expr $minsize \* $blocksize | tr -d '\n'`
 newpartend=`expr $partstart + $partnewsize | tr -d '\n'`
 part1=`parted $img rm $partnum`
 part2=`parted $img unit B mkpart primary $partstart $newpartend`

 #Truncate the file
 endresult=`parted -m $img unit B print free | tail -1 | cut -d ':' -f 2 | tr -d 'B\n'`
 truncate -s $endresult $img
 aftersize=`ls -lah $img | cut -d ' ' -f 5`

 echo "Shrunk $img from $beforesize to $aftersize"
 ```
 ### Run the script, followed by the name of the image that you want to shrink.
 ```bash
 $ chmod +x ./shrink.sh
 $ sudo ./shrink.sh ./some-image.img
 ```
	# How to Shrink the Cloned Raspberry Pi Image (Linux-only)

	These methods create an image file that is equal to the total capacity of the SD card. For example, cloning an SD card with a capacity of 32GB will create an image file of 32 GB, even if only 5 GB is actually in use on the card. This is fine if you only have one or two such images, but any more than that (especially if you use an SSD) will cause you to run out of space.
	Unfortunately, this tool is only available on Linux. If you do not have Linux installed, you can install the latest version of Ubuntu or Linux Mint in a virtual machine, and run this script there:

	### shrink.sh

	```bash
	#!/bin/bash

	usage() { echo "Usage: $0 [-s] imagefile.img [newimagefile.img]"; exit -1; }

	should_skip_autoexpand=false

	while getopts ":s" opt; do
	case "${opt}" in
	s) should_skip_autoexpand=true ;;
	*) usage ;;
	esac
	done
	shift $((OPTIND-1))

	#Args
	img=$1

	#Usage checks
	if [[ -z $img ]]; then
	usage
	fi
	if [[ ! -e $img ]]; then
	echo "ERROR: $img is not a file..."
	exit -2
	fi
	if (( EUID != 0 )); then
	echo "ERROR: You need to be running as root."
	exit -3
	fi

	#Check that what we need is installed
	A=`which parted 2>&1`
	if (( $? != 0 )); then
	echo "ERROR: parted is not installed."
	exit -4
	fi

	#Copy to new file if requested
	if [ -n "$2" ]; then
	echo "Copying $1 to $2..."
	cp --reflink=auto --sparse=always "$1" "$2"
	if (( $? != 0 )); then
	echo "ERROR: Could not copy file..."
	exit -5
	fi
	img=$2
	fi

	#Gather info
	beforesize=`ls -lah $img \| cut -d ' ' -f 5`
	partnum=`parted -m $img unit B print \| tail -n 1 \| cut -d ':' -f 1 \| tr -d '\n'`
	partstart=`parted -m $img unit B print \| tail -n 1 \| cut -d ':' -f 2 \| tr -d 'B\n'`
	loopback=`losetup -f --show -o $partstart $img`
	currentsize=`tune2fs -l $loopback \| grep 'Block count' \| tr -d ' ' \| cut -d ':' -f 2 \| tr -d '\n'`
	blocksize=`tune2fs -l $loopback \| grep 'Block size' \| tr -d ' ' \| cut -d ':' -f 2 \| tr -d '\n'`

	#Check if we should make pi expand rootfs on next boot
	if [ "$should_skip_autoexpand" = false ]; then
	#Make pi expand rootfs on next boot
	mountdir=`mktemp -d`
	mount $loopback $mountdir

	if [ `md5sum $mountdir/etc/rc.local \| cut -d ' ' -f 1` != "a27a4d8192ea6ba713d2ddd15a55b1df" ]; then
	echo Creating new /etc/rc.local
	mv $mountdir/etc/rc.local $mountdir/etc/rc.local.bak
	###Do not touch the following 6 lines including EOF###
	cat <<\EOF > $mountdir/etc/rc.local
	#!/bin/bash
	/usr/bin/raspi-config --expand-rootfs
	rm -f /etc/rc.local; cp -f /etc/rc.local.bak /etc/rc.local; reboot
	exit 0
	EOF
	###End no touch zone###
	chmod +x $mountdir/etc/rc.local
	fi
	umount $mountdir
	else
	echo Skipping autoexpanding process...
	fi

	#Make sure filesystem is ok
	e2fsck -f $loopback
	minsize=`resize2fs -P $loopback \| cut -d ':' -f 2 \| tr -d ' ' \| tr -d '\n'`
	if [[ $currentsize -eq $minsize ]]; then
	echo ERROR: Image already shrunk to smallest size
	exit -6
	fi

	#Add some free space to the end of the filesystem
	if [[ `expr $currentsize - $minsize - 5000` -gt 0 ]]; then
	minsize=`expr $minsize + 5000 \| tr -d '\n'`
	elif [[ `expr $currentsize - $minsize - 1000` -gt 0 ]]; then
	minsize=`expr $minsize + 1000 \| tr -d '\n'`
	elif [[ `expr $currentsize - $minsize - 100` -gt 0 ]]; then
	minsize=`expr $minsize + 100 \| tr -d '\n'`
	fi

	#Shrink filesystem
	resize2fs -p $loopback $minsize
	if [[ $? != 0 ]]; then
	echo ERROR: resize2fs failed...
	mount $loopback $mountdir
	mv $mountdir/etc/rc.local.bak $mountdir/etc/rc.local
	umount $mountdir
	losetup -d $loopback
	exit $rc
	fi
	sleep 1

	#Shrink partition
	losetup -d $loopback
	partnewsize=`expr $minsize \* $blocksize \| tr -d '\n'`
	newpartend=`expr $partstart + $partnewsize \| tr -d '\n'`
	part1=`parted $img rm $partnum`
	part2=`parted $img unit B mkpart primary $partstart $newpartend`

	#Truncate the file
	endresult=`parted -m $img unit B print free \| tail -1 \| cut -d ':' -f 2 \| tr -d 'B\n'`
	truncate -s $endresult $img
	aftersize=`ls -lah $img \| cut -d ' ' -f 5`

	echo "Shrunk $img from $beforesize to $aftersize"
	```
	### Run the script, followed by the name of the image that you want to shrink.
	```bash
	$ chmod +x ./shrink.sh
	$ sudo ./shrink.sh ./some-image.img
	```
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