#Nginx Basics for Ubuntu

To install

sudo apt-get install nginx

Make sure that Apache (if present) is not running. You can only have one listening on port 80.

sudo apachectl stop

To start nginx (Linux)

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx start

To stop nginx (Linux)

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx stop

To reload nginx config (Linux)

sudo /etc/init.d/nginx reload

Location of sites (Linux)

/usr/share/nginx/www/

To check to see if it is running

ps -ef | grep nginx

To edit the nginx Config File

sudo vim /etc/nginx/sites-available/default

##Sample file with virtual sites

http://www.test.com
http://www.example.com
http://www.nodeapp.com
http://localhost

The hosts file can be edited at:

sudo vim /etc/hosts

server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        root /home/www/test.com;
        server_name www.test.com;
        
        location / {
           index index.htm index.html;          
        }
}

server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        root /home/www/example.com;
        server_name www.example.com;
        
        location / {
           index index.htm index.html;          
        }
}

#Passthrough to node server application
server {
        listen 80;
        listen [::]:80;
        root /home/www/nodeapp.com;
        server_name www.nodeapp.com;
        
        location / { 
            #proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:3001/api; 
            proxy_pass http://127.0.0.1:8443;         
        }

server {
	listen 80 default_server;
	listen [::]:80 ipv6only=on default_server;

	root /usr/share/nginx/html;
	index index.html index.htm;

	# Make site accessible by specifying the wildcard servername
	server_name _;

	location / {
		# First attempt to serve request as file, then
		# as directory, then fall back to displaying a 404.
		try_files $uri $uri/ /index.html;
	}       
}

##Permissions Nginx normally runs under the www-data group. This group needs to have read access to the folder.

##More Advanced Sample from nginx site

  user  www www;
  worker_processes  2;
  pid /var/run/nginx.pid;
 
  # [ debug | info | notice | warn | error | crit ] 
  error_log  /var/log/nginx.error_log  info;
 
  events {
    worker_connections   2000;
    # use [ kqueue | rtsig | epoll | /dev/poll | select | poll ] ;
    use kqueue;
  }
 
  http {
    include       conf/mime.types;
    default_type  application/octet-stream;
 
    log_format main      '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local]  '
      '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
      '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '
      '"$gzip_ratio"';
 
    log_format download  '$remote_addr - $remote_user [$time_local]  '
      '"$request" $status $bytes_sent '
      '"$http_referer" "$http_user_agent" '
      '"$http_range" "$sent_http_content_range"';
 
    client_header_timeout  3m;
    client_body_timeout    3m;
    send_timeout           3m;
 
    client_header_buffer_size    1k;
    large_client_header_buffers  4 4k;
 
    gzip on;
    gzip_min_length  1100;
    gzip_buffers     4 8k;
    gzip_types       text/plain;
 
    output_buffers   1 32k;
    postpone_output  1460;
 
    sendfile         on;
    tcp_nopush       on;
 
    tcp_nodelay      on;
    send_lowat       12000;
 
    keepalive_timeout  75 20;
 
    # lingering_time     30;
    # lingering_timeout  10;
    # reset_timedout_connection  on;
 
 
    server {
      listen        one.example.com;
      server_name   one.example.com  www.one.example.com;
 
      access_log   /var/log/nginx.access_log  main;
 
      location / {
        proxy_pass         http://127.0.0.1/;
        proxy_redirect     off;
 
        proxy_set_header   Host             $host;
        proxy_set_header   X-Real-IP        $remote_addr;
        # proxy_set_header  X-Forwarded-For  $proxy_add_x_forwarded_for;
 
        client_max_body_size       10m;
        client_body_buffer_size    128k;
 
        client_body_temp_path      /var/nginx/client_body_temp;
 
        proxy_connect_timeout      90;
        proxy_send_timeout         90;
        proxy_read_timeout         90;
        proxy_send_lowat           12000;
 
        proxy_buffer_size          4k;
        proxy_buffers              4 32k;
        proxy_busy_buffers_size    64k;
        proxy_temp_file_write_size 64k;
 
        proxy_temp_path            /var/nginx/proxy_temp;
 
        charset  koi8-r;
      }
 
      error_page  404  /404.html;
 
      location /404.html {
        root  /spool/www;
 
        charset         on;
        source_charset  koi8-r;
      }
 
      location /old_stuff/ {
        rewrite   ^/old_stuff/(.*)$  /new_stuff/$1  permanent;
      }
 
      location /download/ {
        valid_referers  none  blocked  server_names  *.example.com;
 
        if ($invalid_referer) {
          #rewrite   ^/   http://www.example.com/;
          return   403;
        }
 
        # rewrite_log  on;
        # rewrite /download/*/mp3/*.any_ext to /download/*/mp3/*.mp3
        rewrite ^/(download/.*)/mp3/(.*)\..*$ /$1/mp3/$2.mp3 break;
 
        root         /spool/www;
        # autoindex    on;
        access_log   /var/log/nginx-download.access_log  download;
      }
 
      location ~* ^.+\.(jpg|jpeg|gif)$ {
        root         /spool/www;
        access_log   off;
        expires      30d;
      }
    }
  }