require "benchmark" hash = {'key' => 1, :key => 2} n = 5_000_000 Benchmark.bm do |x| x.report("strings") { n.times { hash['key'] } } x.report("symbols") { n.times { hash[:key] } } x.report("strings, set") { n.times { hash['key'] = 1 } } x.report("symbols, set") { n.times { hash[:key] = 1 } } end