Digital camera RAW formats supported by iOS 26, iPadOS 26, macOS Tahoe 26, and visionOS 26 These operating systems include system-level support for RAW images taken by many third-party cameras. This list is current as of March 2026 and reflects compatibility with the latest versions of iOS 26, iPadOS 26, macOS Tahoe 26, and visionOS 26. These operating systems include enhanced support for processing digital camera RAW formats, providing better detail, improved noise reduction, and greater image-editing flexibility when using apps that support RAW. They also include basic support for RAW files in DNG (Digital Negative) format when captured by these and other cameras. Canon Canon EOS 1000D Canon EOS 100D Canon EOS 10D Canon EOS 1100D Canon EOS 1200D Canon EOS 1300D Canon EOS 1500D Canon EOS 1D Canon EOS 1D C Canon EOS 1D Mark II Canon EOS 1D Mark II N Canon EOS 1D Mark III Canon EOS 1D Mark IV Canon EOS 1D X Canon EOS 1D X Mark II Canon EOS 1D X Mark III Canon EOS 1Ds Canon EOS 1Ds Mark II Canon EOS 1Ds Mark III Canon EOS 2000D Canon EOS 200D Canon EOS 200D Mark II Canon EOS 20D Canon EOS 250D Canon EOS 3000D Canon EOS 300D Canon EOS 30D Canon EOS 350D Canon EOS 4000D Canon EOS 400D Canon EOS 40D Canon EOS 450D Canon EOS 500D Canon EOS 50D Canon EOS 550D Canon EOS 5D Canon EOS 5D Mark II Canon EOS 5D Mark III Canon EOS 5D Mark IV Canon EOS 5DS Canon EOS 5DS R Canon EOS 600D Canon EOS 60D Canon EOS 650D Canon EOS 6D Canon EOS 6D Mark II Canon EOS 700D Canon EOS 70D Canon EOS 750D Canon EOS 760D Canon EOS 77D Canon EOS 7D Canon EOS 7D Mark II Canon EOS 800D Canon EOS 80D Canon EOS 850D Canon EOS 9000D Canon EOS 90D Canon EOS C50 Canon EOS D30 Canon EOS D60 Canon EOS Digital Rebel Canon EOS Digital Rebel XS Canon EOS Digital Rebel XSi Canon EOS Digital Rebel XT Canon EOS Digital Rebel XTi Canon EOS Kiss 8000D Canon EOS Kiss Digital Canon EOS Kiss Digital F Canon EOS Kiss Digital N Canon EOS Kiss Digital X Canon EOS Kiss Digital X2 Canon EOS Kiss Digital X3 Canon EOS Kiss M Canon EOS Kiss X10 Canon EOS Kiss X10i Canon EOS Kiss X4 Canon EOS Kiss X5 Canon EOS Kiss X50 Canon EOS Kiss X6i Canon EOS Kiss X7 Canon EOS Kiss X70 Canon EOS Kiss X7i Canon EOS Kiss X80 Canon EOS Kiss X8i Canon EOS Kiss X9 Canon EOS Kiss X9i Canon EOS M Canon EOS M10 Canon EOS M100 Canon EOS M2 Canon EOS M200 Canon EOS M3 Canon EOS M5 Canon EOS M50 Canon EOS M50 Mark II Canon EOS M6 Canon EOS M6 Mark II Canon EOS R Canon EOS R1 Canon EOS R10 Canon EOS R100 Canon EOS R3 Canon EOS R5 Canon EOS R5 Mark II Canon EOS R50 Canon EOS R50 V Canon EOS R6 Canon EOS R6 Mark II Canon EOS R6 Mark III Canon EOS R7 Canon EOS R8 Canon EOS Rebel SL1 Canon EOS Rebel SL2 Canon EOS Rebel T100 Canon EOS Rebel T1i Canon EOS Rebel T2i Canon EOS Rebel T3 Canon EOS Rebel T3i Canon EOS Rebel T4i Canon EOS Rebel T5 Canon EOS Rebel T5i Canon EOS Rebel T6 Canon EOS Rebel T6i Canon EOS Rebel T6s Canon EOS Rebel T7 Canon EOS Rebel T7i Canon EOS Rebel T8i Canon EOS RP Canon EOS SL III Canon PowerShot G1 X Canon PowerShot G1 X Mark II Canon PowerShot G1 X Mark III Canon PowerShot G10 Canon PowerShot G11 Canon PowerShot G12 Canon PowerShot G15 Canon PowerShot G16 Canon PowerShot G3 X Canon PowerShot G5 Canon PowerShot G5 X Canon PowerShot G5 X Mark II Canon PowerShot G6 Canon PowerShot G7 X Canon PowerShot G7 X Mark II Canon PowerShot G7 X Mark III Canon PowerShot G9 Canon PowerShot G9 X Canon PowerShot G9 X Mark II Canon PowerShot Pro1 Canon PowerShot S100 Canon PowerShot S110 Canon PowerShot S120 Canon PowerShot S60 Canon PowerShot S70 Canon PowerShot S90 Canon PowerShot S95 Canon PowerShot SX1 IS Canon PowerShot SX50 HS Canon PowerShot SX60 HS Canon PowerShot SX70 HS Canon PowerShot V1 DxO DxO ONE Epson Epson R-D1 Epson R-D1s Epson R-D1x FUJIFILM FUJIFILM FinePix S2Pro FUJIFILM FinePix S3Pro FUJIFILM FinePix S5Pro FUJIFILM FinePix X100 FUJIFILM GFX 100 FUJIFILM GFX 100 II FUJIFILM GFX 100RF FUJIFILM GFX 100S FUJIFILM GFX 100S II FUJIFILM GFX 50R FUJIFILM GFX 50S FUJIFILM GFX 50S II FUJIFILM X-A1 FUJIFILM X-A10 FUJIFILM X-A2 FUJIFILM X-A3 FUJIFILM X-A5 FUJIFILM X-A20 FUJIFILM X-A7 FUJIFILM X-E1 FUJIFILM X-E2 FUJIFILM X-E2S FUJIFILM X-E3 FUJIFILM X-E4 FUJIFILM X-E5 FUJIFILM X-H1 FUJIFILM X-H2 FUJIFILM X-H2S FUJIFILM X-M1 FUJIFILM X-M5 FUJIFILM X-Pro FUJIFILM X-Pro2 FUJIFILM X-Pro3 FUJIFILM X-S10 FUJIFILM X-S20 FUJIFILM X-T1 FUJIFILM X-T10 FUJIFILM X-T100 FUJIFILM X-T200 FUJIFILM X-T2 FUJIFILM X-T20 FUJIFILM X-T3 FUJIFILM X-T30 FUJIFILM X-T30 II FUJIFILM X-T30 III FUJIFILM X-T4 FUJIFILM X-T5 FUJIFILM X-T50 FUJIFILM X100F FUJIFILM X100S FUJIFILM X100T FUJIFILM X100V FUJIFILM X100VI FUJIFILM X20 FUJIFILM X30 FUJIFILM X70 FUJIFILM XF10 FUJIFILM XQ1 FUJIFILM XQ2 Hasselblad Hasselblad CF-22 Hasselblad CF-39 Hasselblad CFV 100C Hasselblad CFV-16 Hasselblad CFV-50c Hasselblad H3D-31 Hasselblad H3D-31 II Hasselblad H3DII-50 Hasselblad H4D-40 Hasselblad H5D-50c Hasselblad H6D-100c Hasselblad Lunar Hasselblad X1D-50c Hasselblad X2D-100C Hasselblad X2D II 100C Kodak Kodak DCS Pro SLR/n Konica Minolta Konica Minolta ALPHA SWEET DIGITAL Konica Minolta ALPHA-5 DIGITAL Konica Minolta ALPHA-7 DIGITAL Konica Minolta DiMAGE A200 Konica Minolta DYNAX 5D Konica Minolta DYNAX 7D Konica Minolta MAXXUM 5D Konica Minolta MAXXUM 7D Leaf Leaf AFi 5 Leaf AFi 6 Leaf AFi 7 Leaf AFi-II 6 Leaf AFi-II 7 Leaf Aptus 17 Leaf Aptus 22 Leaf Aptus 54S Leaf Aptus 65 Leaf Aptus 65S Leaf Aptus 75 Leaf Aptus 75s Leaf Aptus-II 6 Leaf Aptus-II 7 Leaf Valeo 11 Leaf Valeo 17 Leaf Valeo 22 Leica Leica C (Typ 112) Leica C-Lux Leica CL Leica D-Lux (Typ 109) Leica D-Lux 2 Leica D-Lux 3 Leica D-Lux 4 Leica D-Lux 5 Leica D-Lux 6 Leica D-Lux 7 Leica D-Lux 8 Leica DIGILUX 2 Leica DIGILUX 3 Leica M Leica M EV1 Leica M Monochrom Leica M Monochrom (Typ 246) Leica M-E Leica M10 Leica M10-D Leica M10-P Leica M11 Leica M11 Monochrom Leica M11-D Leica M11-P Leica M8 Leica M8.2 Leica M9 Leica Q (Typ 116) Leica Q2 Leica Q2 Monochrom Leica Q3 Leica Q3 Monochrom Leica Q3 43 Leica S (Typ 007) Leica S2 Leica SL (Typ 601) Leica SL2 Leica SL3 Leica SL3-S Leica T (Typ 701) Leica TL Leica TL2 Leica V-Lux (Typ 114) Leica V-Lux 1 Leica V-Lux 2 Leica V-Lux 4 Leica V-Lux 5 Leica X (Typ 113) Leica X Vario (Typ 107) Leica X-U (Typ 113) Leica X1 Leica X2 Minolta Minolta DiMAGE A1 Minolta DiMAGE A2 Nikon Nikon 1 AW1 Nikon 1 J1 Nikon 1 J2 Nikon 1 J3 Nikon 1 J4 Nikon 1 J5 Nikon 1 S1 Nikon 1 S2 Nikon 1 V1 Nikon 1 V2 Nikon 1 V3 Nikon B700 Nikon COOLPIX A Nikon COOLPIX A1000 Nikon COOLPIX P1000 Nikon COOLPIX P1100 Nikon COOLPIX P330 Nikon COOLPIX P340 Nikon COOLPIX P6000 Nikon COOLPIX P7000 Nikon COOLPIX P7100 Nikon COOLPIX P7700 Nikon COOLPIX P7800 Nikon COOLPIX P950 Nikon D1 Nikon D100 Nikon D1H Nikon D1X Nikon D200 Nikon D2H Nikon D2Hs Nikon D2X Nikon D2Xs Nikon D3 Nikon D300 Nikon D3000 Nikon D300S Nikon D3100 Nikon D3200 Nikon D3300 Nikon D3400 Nikon D3500 Nikon D3S Nikon D3X Nikon D4 Nikon D40 Nikon D40X Nikon D4S Nikon D5 Nikon D50 Nikon D500 Nikon D5000 Nikon D5100 Nikon D5200 Nikon D5300 Nikon D5500 Nikon D5600 Nikon D6 Nikon D60 Nikon D600 Nikon D610 Nikon D70 Nikon D700 Nikon D7000 Nikon D70s Nikon D7100 Nikon D7200 Nikon D750 Nikon D7500 Nikon D780 Nikon D80 Nikon D800 Nikon D800E Nikon D810 Nikon D810A Nikon D850 Nikon D90 Nikon Df Nikon E8400 Nikon E8700 Nikon E8800 Nikon Z30 Nikon Z5 Nikon Z5II1 Nikon Z50 Nikon Z50II1 Nikon Z6 Nikon Z6II Nikon Z6III1 Nikon Z7 Nikon Z7II Nikon Z81 Nikon Z91 Nikon Zf1 Nikon Zfc Nikon ZR1 Olympus Olympus C7000Z Olympus C7070WZ Olympus C70Z Olympus C8080WZ Olympus E-1 Olympus E-3 Olympus E-30 Olympus E-300 Olympus E-330 Olympus E-400 Olympus E-410 Olympus E-450 Olympus E-5 Olympus E-500 Olympus E-510 Olympus E-600 Olympus E-620 Olympus E-M1X2 Olympus EVOLT E-420 Olympus EVOLT E-520 Olympus OM-1 Olympus OM-D E-M1 Olympus OM-D E-M1 Mark II2 Olympus OM-D E-M1 Mark III2 Olympus OM-D E-M10 Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark II Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark III Olympus OM-D E-M10 Mark IV Olympus OM-D E-M5 Olympus OM-D E-M5 Mark II2 Olympus OM-D E-M5 Mark III2 Olympus PEN E-P1 Olympus PEN E-P2 Olympus PEN E-P3 Olympus PEN E-P7 Olympus PEN E-PL1 Olympus PEN E-PL10 Olympus PEN E-PL1s Olympus PEN E-PL2 Olympus PEN E-PL3 Olympus PEN E-PL5 Olympus PEN E-PL8 Olympus PEN E-PL9 Olympus PEN E-PM1 Olympus PEN E-PM2 Olympus PEN Lite E-PL6 Olympus PEN Lite E-PL7 Olympus PEN-F Olympus SP-570UZ Olympus STYLUS 1 Olympus STYLUS SH-2 Olympus STYLUS TG-4 Tough Olympus STYLUS XZ-2 Olympus XZ-1 OM SYSTEM OM SYSTEM OM-1 Mark II2 OM SYSTEM OM-3 OM SYSTEM OM-5 OM SYSTEM OM-5 Mark II2 Panasonic Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ10002 Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ1000M2 Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ80 Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ80D Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ81 Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ82 Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ82D Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ83 Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ85 Panasonic LUMIX DC-FZ85D Panasonic LUMIX DC-G100 Panasonic LUMIX DC-G100D Panasonic LUMIX DC-G110 Panasonic LUMIX DC-G9 Panasonic LUMIX DC-G90 Panasonic LUMIX DC-G91 Panasonic LUMIX DC-G95 Panasonic LUMIX DC-G95D Panasonic LUMIX DC-G97 Panasonic LUMIX DC-G99 Panasonic LUMIX DC-G99D Panasonic LUMIX DC-G9M2 Panasonic LUMIX DC-G99M2 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GF10 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GF9 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GF90 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GH5 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GH5M2 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GH5S Panasonic LUMIX DC-GH6 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GH7 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GX7MK3 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GX800 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GX850 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GX880 Panasonic LUMIX DC-GX9 Panasonic LUMIX DC-LX100M2 Panasonic LUMIX DC-S1 Panasonic LUMIX DC-S1H Panasonic LUMIX DC-S1M2 Panasonic LUMIX DC-S1M2ES Panasonic LUMIX DC-S1R Panasonic LUMIX DC-S1RM2 Panasonic LUMIX DC-S5 Panasonic LUMIX DC-S5D Panasonic LUMIX DC-S5M2 Panasonic LUMIX DC-S5M2X Panasonic LUMIX DC-S9 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TX2 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TX2D Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ200 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ200D Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ202 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ202D Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ220 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ220D Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ90 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ91 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ92 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ93 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ95 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ95D Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ96 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ96D Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ97 Panasonic LUMIX DC-TZ99 Panasonic LUMIX DC-ZS200 Panasonic LUMIX DC-ZS200D Panasonic LUMIX DC-ZS220 Panasonic LUMIX DC-ZS220D Panasonic LUMIX DC-ZS70 Panasonic LUMIX DC-ZS80 Panasonic LUMIX DC-ZS80D Panasonic LUMIX DC-ZS99 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-CM1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ100 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ1000 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ150 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ200 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ2500 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ28 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ300 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ330 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ35 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ38 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ50 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ70 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-FZ72 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G10 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G2 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G3 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G5 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G6 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G7 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G70 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G8 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G80 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G81 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-G85 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GF1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GF2 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GF3 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GF5 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GF6 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GF7 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GF8 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GH1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GH2 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GH3 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GH4 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GM1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GM1S Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GM5 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GX1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GX7 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GX7MK2 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GX8 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GX80 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-GX85 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-L1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LC1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LF1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LX1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LX10 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LX100 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LX15 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LX2 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LX3 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LX5 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LX7 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-LX9 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TX1 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ100 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ101 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ110 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ60 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ61 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ70 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ71 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ80 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ82 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-TZ85 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-ZS100 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-ZS110 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-ZS40 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-ZS50 Panasonic LUMIX DMC-ZS60 Pentax Pentax *ist D Pentax *ist DL Pentax *ist DL2 Pentax *ist DS Pentax *ist DS2 Pentax 645D Pentax 645Z Pentax K-13 Pentax K-1 II Pentax K-3 Pentax K-3 II Pentax K-3 III Pentax K-30 Pentax K-5 Pentax K-5 II Pentax K-5 IIs Pentax K-7 Pentax K-70 Pentax K-m Pentax K-r Pentax K-S1 Pentax K-S2 Pentax K-x Pentax K100D Pentax K100D Super Pentax K10D Pentax K110D Pentax K2000 Pentax K200D Pentax K20D Pentax KF Pentax KP Pentax MX-1 Pentax Q Phase One Phase One IQ1 100MP Phase One IQ3 100M1 Ricoh Ricoh GR Ricoh GR III Ricoh GRII Samsung Samsung GX-10 Samsung GX-1L Samsung GX-1S Samsung GX-20 Samsung NX10 Samsung NX100 Samsung NX11 Samsung NX200 Sigma Sigma BF Sony Sony Alpha DSLR-A100 Sony Alpha DSLR-A200 Sony Alpha DSLR-A230 Sony Alpha DSLR-A290 Sony Alpha DSLR-A300 Sony Alpha DSLR-A330 Sony Alpha DSLR-A350 Sony Alpha DSLR-A380 Sony Alpha DSLR-A390 Sony Alpha DSLR-A450 Sony Alpha DSLR-A500 Sony Alpha DSLR-A550 Sony Alpha DSLR-A560 Sony Alpha DSLR-A580 Sony Alpha DSLR-A700 Sony Alpha DSLR-A850 Sony Alpha DSLR-A900 Sony Alpha ILCA-99 II Sony Alpha ILCE-1 Sony Alpha ILCE-1M2 Sony Alpha ILCE-3000 Sony Alpha ILCE-5000 Sony Alpha ILCE-5100 Sony Alpha ILCE-6000 Sony Alpha ILCE-6100 Sony Alpha ILCE-6100A Sony Alpha ILCE-6300 Sony Alpha ILCE-6400 Sony Alpha ILCE-6400A Sony Alpha ILCE-6500 Sony Alpha ILCE-6600 Sony Alpha ILCE-6700 Sony Alpha ILCE-7 Sony Alpha ILCE-7 II Sony Alpha ILCE-7 III Sony Alpha ILCE-7C Sony Alpha ILCE-7C II Sony Alpha ILCD-7CR Sony Alpha ILCE-7M4 Sony Alpha ILCE-7M54 Sony Alpha ILCE-7R Sony Alpha ILCE-7R II Sony Alpha ILCE-7R III Sony Alpha ILCE-7R III A Sony Alpha ILCE-7R IV Sony Alpha ILCE-7RM4A Sony Alpha ILCE-7RM5 Sony Alpha ILCE-7S Sony Alpha ILCE-7S II Sony Alpha ILCE-7S III Sony Alpha ILCE-9 Sony Alpha ILCE-9 II Sony Alpha ILCE-9 III Sony Alpha ILCE-QX1 Sony Alpha ILME-FX2 Sony Alpha ILME-FX3 Sony Alpha ILME-FX30 Sony Alpha NEX-3 Sony Alpha NEX-3N Sony Alpha NEX-5 Sony Alpha NEX-5N Sony Alpha NEX-5R Sony Alpha NEX-5T Sony Alpha NEX-6 Sony Alpha NEX-7 Sony Alpha NEX-C3 Sony Alpha NEX-F3 Sony Alpha SLT-A33 Sony Alpha SLT-A35 Sony Alpha SLT-A37 Sony Alpha SLT-A55 Sony Alpha SLT-A57 Sony Alpha SLT-A58 Sony Alpha SLT-A65 Sony Alpha SLT-A68 Sony Alpha SLT-A77 Sony Alpha SLT-A77 II Sony Alpha SLT-A99 Sony Alpha ZV-E1 Sony Alpha ZV-E10 Sony Cyber-shot DSC-HX95 Sony Cyber-shot DSC-HX99 Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX1 Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX10 Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX10 II Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX10 III Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX10 IV Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 II Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 III Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 IV Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 VA Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 VI Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 VII Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX100 VIIA Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX1R Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX1R II Sony Cyber-shot DSC-RX1R III Sony Cyber-shot RX100 V Sony DSC-F828 Sony DSC-R1 Sony DSC-RX0 Sony DSC-RX0 II Sony DSC-V3 Sony NEX-VG20 Sony ZV-1 Sony ZV-1A Sony ZV-1M2 Sony ZV-E10 II Lossless RAW format only Excluding RAW images taken using High Res Shot Single shot RAW format only Lossless compressed format only Published Date: March 31, 2026