## Towing, Hauling, Load

### Towing

**What must you remember when towing?**
- Tow-rope/tow-bar must be clearly marked
- The distance between the vehicles (car/trailer) must not exceed 5 m

**What must you bear in mind when loading a single-axle trailer?**
- The permissible:
  - load of the coupling
  - total mass
  - axle load
  
**What must you remember when loading a trailer?**
- The load:
  - must not project more than 1 m beyond the rear reflectors unless specially marked
  - must be securely packed
  - ~~must not project more than 1 m beyond the front of the towing vehicle~~
  
**What changes when a caravan trailer is towed?**
- The distance for overtaking increases considerably
- Hasty movements of the steering wheel increase the danger of skidding

**What must you check on a car with a caravan trailer before setting out on a journey?**
- Whether the view through the rear-view mirrors is adequate
- Whether the lights of the trailer are working
- ~~Whether the passengers in the caravan trailer have put on their safety belts~~

**What must you remember when you want to use a trailer with overrun brakes behind your car?**
- The permissable total mass of the trailer must not exceed the towed load permitted for the car
- ~~The permissable maximum speed of this combination of vehicles is 60 km/h, also on autobahns~~
- The breakaway cable is connected to the towing vehicle

**What is the maximum number of trailers allowed to be towed by a class B truck?**
- 1 trailer

**You want to drive a vehicle with a trailer equipped with overrun braking. What do you have to check before beginning the journey?**
- I check:
  - that the connecting device is locked
  - that the breakaway cable is attached
  - that the lighting system is working
  
**What must you do after coupling up a single-axle trailer with overrun brakes?**
- Attach the breakaway cable to the coupling of the motor vehicle
- Raise the jack wheel, if fitted, to the highest setting
- Check that the brakes are working

**What must you remember when towing?**
- The distance between the vehicles must not exceed 5 m
- Tow-rope/tow-bar must be clearly marked
- ~~Motorcycles may only be towed with a fixed connection~~

**Your car has a fault and can no longer be driven. What must you be aware of during towing?**
- During towing:
  - ~~the motorway may only be used to shorten the journey to the next car garage~~
  - the towing cable should be kept as taut as possible
  - the hazard lights must be switched on on both vehicles
  
**Your car has a fault and can no longer be driven. What must you be aware of during towing?**
- During towing
  - the force required to operate the brake pedal is significantly greater if the engine has failed
  - a towing bar should be used where possible
  - ~~the rear fog lights should also be switched on to indicate the towing procedure~~
  
**What must you remember when loading a trailer?**
- The load
  - must be securely packed
  - ~~must not project more than 1 m beyond the front of the towing vehicle~~
  - must not project more than 1 m beyond the rear reflectors, unless specially marked
  
**You are holding a driving permit class B. Your car has the following specifications:**
- **empty mass 1900 kg**
- **permissable total mass 2400 kg**
- **permissable towed load 1500 kg**

**_Which trailer are you allowed to tow?_**
- A trailer with a permissable total mass of:
  - ~~1200 kg~~
  - 1000 kg
  - ~~1500 kg~~
  
**When does the braking action of a trailer with overrun brakes start?**
- ~~When the brake pedal in the truck is activated~~
- When the trailer runs up to the truck
- ~~Before the braking action of the truck starts, so that the truck and trailer remain extended~~

**When must a car with trailer driving outside built-up areas on roads with only one lane for each direction keep a sufficient distance from the car in front so that an overtaking vehicle may pull in?**
- When the combination of vehicles exceeds **7 m**

**You want to tow another vehicle with your car. What must you know?**
- You must at least have a driving permit class B
- ~~You must at least have a driving permit class BE~~

**You are in your car towing a trailer which has no brakes and you approach a long steep downhill slope. What is correct?**
- Make allowance for the pushing effect of the trailer
- ~~Relieve the car brakes by disengaging the clutch at frequent intervals~~
- Reduce speed, if necessary, engage low gear in time, be ready to brake

### Load

> **2.5 m**: Max. height a load is allowed to project above of the vehicle. In other words, the load may not exceed a height of 2.5 m above the vehicle

> **2.5 m**: Max. height for a load to project up to **50 cm** in front of the vehicle

**What can be the effect of an overload of only 20%?**
- The brakes may be overstrained
- Steering may become worse
- There may be too much strain on the load-bearing parts of the vehicle

**You want to transport holiday luggage on the roof of your fully loaded car. What is the roof load limited by?**
- The permissable total mass of the car
- ~~The roof load indicated in the vehicle registration certificate (Fahrzeugschein)~~
- The stipulations of the vehicle's manufacturer in the owner's manual

**Are you allowed to transport persons on the loading platform of your truck?**
- Yes, if they must carry out necessary work _(ed. note: fire brigade?)_
- ~~Yes, to secure the load~~
- ~~Yes, if they have to accompany the load~~

**Where should you store your luggage if possible in order to save fuel?**
- In the boot
- ~~On a roof rack~~

### Hauling

**What must be remembered with regard to vehicles with canvas covers?**
- ~~When vehicles have canvas covers, a load must not be specially secured~~
- The canvas covers must not obstruct the driver's rear view through the outside mirrors
- Unloaded trailers with high canvas cover superstructure are particularly sensitive to side wind